I amanethiwekhi omphakathi Baye baba ingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwansuku zonke kwezigidi zabantu emhlabeni wonke. Lezi zinkundla eziku-inthanethi zivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi baxhumane, babelane ngokuqukethwe, futhi bahlale benolwazi lwakamuva ngezindaba zamanje nezehlakalo. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ukuthandwa kwezinkundla zokuxhumana kukhula, ngakho-ke yiba nokukhathazeka ngobungozi nokuphepha okuhambisana nokusetshenziswa kwayo. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola kokubili izinzuzo njenge inseguridades Kuhlanganisani ukusetshenziswa kwezinkundla zokuxhumana namuhla?
Amanethiwekhi omphakathi anikeza okuningi izinzuzo kokubili ezingeni lomuntu siqu nelomsebenzi. Okokuqala, bavumela abantu ukuthi baxhumane futhi bahlale bethintana nabangane nomndeni abakude ngokwendawo. Lokhu kuye kwaholela ekwandeni kokuxhumana kanye nomuzwa wokuxhumana phakathi kwabantu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanethiwekhi omphakathi nawo abonakale ewusizo ekusunguleni nasekugcineni ubudlelwano bomsebenzi, okusiza ukubambisana nokudala amanethiwekhi oxhumana nabo emsebenzini.
Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwezinkundla zokuxhumana nakho kuhlanganisa okuthile inseguridades lokho akunakuzitshwa. Enye yezinkinga eziyinhloko ukuntuleka kobumfihlo. Abasebenzisi bavame ukuthumela ulwazi lomuntu siqu olubucayi ngaphandle kokucabangela imiphumela lokhu okungase kube nayo. Lokhu kungaholela ekuvezweni kwedatha yomuntu siqu kumaqembu angafuneki noma imizamo yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane engaba khona. Enye ingozi ehambisana nezinkundla zokuxhumana ukwanda kokuqukethwe okungamanga noma okudukisayo, okungathinta ikhono labantu lokuthola ulwazi oluyiqiniso noluthembekile.
Kafushane, inkundla yezokuxhumana iyithuluzi elinamandla neliwusizo lokuxhumana nokuxhumana nabanye. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ubungozi obuhlobene nokuthatha izinyathelo zokuvikela ubumfihlo bethu nokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi. Ukusetshenziswa okunomthwalo wemfanelo kanye nemfundo ngemikhuba engcono kakhulu ezinkundleni zokuxhumana ingasiza ukwehlisa izingozi futhi ikhulise izinzuzo zalezi zinkundla zedijithali. Kuso sonke lesi sihloko, sizohlola ngokuningiliziwe kokubili okuhle kanye nokungazethembi okuza nokusebenzisa inkundla yezokuxhumana, ukuhlinzeka ngolwazi namathiphu okusetshenziswa okuphephile nokunenzuzo.
1. Ukubaluleka kwezinkundla zokuxhumana emphakathini wanamuhla
Izinkundla zokuxhumana seziphenduke amathuluzi abalulekile emphakathini zamanje, njengoba ziguqule indlela esixhumana ngayo, esisebenzelana ngayo futhi sithola ulwazi. Lezi zinkundla zedijithali zisinikeza izinzuzo ezingenakubalwa, ezisivumela ukuthi sixhumane nabantu abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba, sabelane ngokuqukethwe ngokushesha futhi sihlale sinolwazi ngemicimbi nezindaba ezifanele kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkundla zokuxhumana zivule indawo ebonakalayo lapho abantu bengaveza khona imibono yabo futhi babambe iqhaza ezingxoxweni, ngaleyo ndlela kugqugquzelwe inkululeko yokukhuluma nokushintshisana ngemibono.
Kodwa-ke, naphezu kwazo zonke izinzuzo ezinikezwa amanethiwekhi omphakathi, kukhona nohlangothi olumnyama ekusetshenzisweni kwabo esingeke saluziba. Ukungavikeleki ku-Cyber kuyinkinga yangempela, njengoba ubunikazi bethu nedatha yomuntu siqu kuhlale kuvezwa izinsongo ezingaba khona njengokwebiwa kolwazi, ukuhlukumeza okubonakalayo, nokwebiwa kobunikazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkundla yezokuxhumana ingaba negalelo ekudalweni nasekusabalaleni kwezindaba ezingamanga, ezingaba nomthelela omubi kumbono womphakathi futhi zilulaze ukuthembela kumidiya yendabuko.
Kubalulekile ukugqamisa ukuthi izinyathelo ziya ngokuya zisetshenziswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kumanethiwekhi omphakathi, njengokubethelwa kwedatha nokucushwa kwamathuluzi obumfihlo. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukuthi njengabasebenzisi sazi ubungozi futhi saziswe ngezinqubo ezingcono kakhulu zokuphepha ku-inthanethi. Kumelwe siqaphe lapho sabelana ngolwazi lomuntu siqu, sigweme ukwamukela izicelo zobungane ezivela kubantu esingabazi futhi sisebenzise amagama ayimfihlo aqinile. Ngokuthatha lezi zinyathelo zokuphepha, singajabulela izinzuzo ezinikezwa amanethiwekhi omphakathi ngaphandle kokufaka engozini ukuphepha nobumfihlo bethu be-inthanethi.
2. Ubuhle bezinkundla zokuxhumana ukuxhumana kanye nokushintshisana ngolwazi
Inkundla yezokuxhumana isishintshe kakhulu indlela esixhumana ngayo kanye nokushintshisana ngolwazi. Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zalezi zinkundla Kuyikhono layo lokuxhuma abantu abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba, okuvumela ukuxhumana okusheshayo nokuphumelelayo. Akusadingeki ukulinda izinsuku ukuze uthole impendulo, manje singathumela umlayezo futhi sithole impendulo ngemizuzwana. Lokhu kuye kwalula ukuxhumana futhi kwenze ukushintshana kolwazi kusheshe futhi kufinyeleleke kuwo wonke umuntu.
Enye inzuzo ebalulekile yamanethiwekhi omphakathi ikhono lokwabelana ngolwazi ngokushesha futhi kalula. Ngaphambilini, uma besifuna ukwabelana ngokuthile nabangane bethu noma umndeni, bekumele sithumele ama-imeyili noma imilayezo yombhalo ngamunye. Manje, ngokuchofoza okukodwa nje, singabelana ngokuthunyelwe nabo bonke abathintwayo bethu ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lokhu kusiza ukusatshalaliswa kwezindaba ezibalulekile, izehlakalo kanye nanoma imiphi eminye imininingwane efanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkundla zokuxhumana ziphinde zisivumele ukuthi sabelane izixhumanisi zamakhasi ewebhu, amadokhumenti nezinye izinhlobo zokuqukethwe, okunweba nakakhulu amathuba okushintshana ngolwazi.
Naphezu kwazo zonke lezi ezinhle, Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi kukhona futhi ubungozi kanye nokukhathazeka ukuphepha kumanethiwekhi omphakathi. Ukukhululeka kokuxhumana kanye nethuba lokwabelana ngolwazi lomuntu siqu nakho kungaxhashazwa abantu abanonya. Ubumfihlo buba yinkinga efanele, njengoba kubalulekile ukuqapha ukuthi ubani ongafinyelela ulwazi lwethu futhi alungiselele ubumfihlo bama-akhawunti ethu ngendlela efanele. Kudingeka futhi ukuqapha lapho uhlanganyela nabantu ongabazi ku-inthanethi futhi ucabangele ubuqiniso bolwazi olwabiwe ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. Njengabasebenzisi, kufanele sizazi lezi zingozi futhi sithathe izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuze sivikele ulwazi lwethu nokuvikeleka kwethu ku-inthanethi.
3. Umthelela omuhle wezinkundla zokuxhumana kumabhizinisi nakwezamabhizinisi
Esikhathini sedijithali esizithola kuyo, i amanethiwekhi omphakathi Sebephenduke amathuluzi anamandla okuthuthukisa ibhizinisi kanye nezamabhizinisi. Lezi zinkundla ezibonakalayo zivumela finyelela izethameli ibanzi futhi ihlukaniseke, eyenza kube lula ukusatshalaliswa kwemikhiqizo namasevisi ngempumelelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkundla zokuxhumana zihlinzeka ngamathuba okuthi sebenzisana ngqo namakhasimende ngamazwana kanye nemilayezo, edala ubudlelwano obuseduze nokwethembana phakathi kwenkampani nabathengi. Lokhu akusizi nje ukuqinisa umkhiqizo, kodwa futhi Thola impendulo okubalulekile ukuthuthukisa imikhiqizo nokuzivumelanisa nezidingo zemakethe.
Kodwa akuzona zonke izinzuzo zebhizinisi kanye nezamabhizinisi ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. Kukhona abanye inseguridades lokho kumele kubhekwe. Okokuqala, ukuvezwa kulezi zinkundla kubandakanya ingozi enkulu ukubuyekezwa nemibono engemihle ngabasebenzisi. Lokhu kungase kuthinte isithunzi senkampani futhi kudinga ukuphathwa kokuxhumana okufanele ukuze kuphendule ngesikhathi nangendlela ephumelelayo. Ukwengeza, ukuphathwa kolwazi lomuntu siqu nolubucayi lwekhasimende kungaba yinkinga ebucayi, ngakho-ke kubalulekile qinisekisa ukuphepha kanye nobumfihlo yedatha ukuze kugwenywe noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuba sengozini noma ukuhlukumeza.
Ukuze uthole okuningi kuyo, kuyadingeka sungula isu elicacile nelihambisanayo. Lokhu kuhilela ukuchaza izinjongo, ukuhlonza izethameli eziqondiwe, ukukhetha amanethiwekhi omphakathi afaneleka kakhulu kanye nokuklama uhlelo lokuqukethwe olufanele nolukhangayo. Ngokufanayo, umuntu kufanele asebenzise amathuluzi okuhlaziya okuvumela ukulinganisa umthelela kanye nembuyiselo ekutshalweni kwezenzo ezenziwa ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. Kungale ndlela kuphela lapho singasebenzisa wonke amathuba anikezwa yilezi zinkundla ukuze sikhule nempumelelo yamabhizinisi nezamabhizinisi.
4. Indaba yobumfihlo nokuphepha ezinkundleni zokuxhumana
Izingosi zokuxhumana seziphenduke ithuluzi elibalulekile ezigidini zabantu emhlabeni jikelele. Zisivumela ukuthi sihlale sixhumekile futhi sabelane ngolwazi ngokushesha futhi kalula. Nokho, baphinde baphakamise imibuzo ebalulekile mayelana ne ubumfihlo nokuvikeleka yabasebenzisi. Kubalulekile ukuqonda imithelela yokusebenzisa lezi nkundla, njengoba izenzo zethu zingaba nemiphumela emibi.
Okunye okukhathazayo okuyinhloko mayelana nobumfihlo kumanethiwekhi omphakathi the exposición de datos personales. Ngokubhalisa ku-a inethiwekhi yokuxhumana nabantuSihlinzeka ngolwazi olufana nosuku lwethu lokuzalwa, ikheli, izinto ozithandayo, nezithombe. Lolu lwazi lungasetshenziswa abantu bangaphandle ngezinjongo ezinonya, njengokuthi ukwebiwa kobunikazi noma ukuhlukunyezwa. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile, ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha lapho wabelana ngedatha yomuntu siqu ku-inthanethi futhi ulungiselele kahle ubumfihlo bama-akhawunti ethu ukuze ulawule ukuthi ubani okwazi ukufinyelela ulwazi lwethu.
Esinye isici esikhathaza abasebenzisi yi- ukuphepha idatha yakho nama-akhawunti. Amanethiwekhi omphakathi angaba sengozini yokuhlaselwa yikhompyutha, njengokugetshengwa kwe-akhawunti noma ukusatshalaliswa kohlelo olungayilungele ikhompyutha. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo aqinile, wenze ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezimbili kusebenze, futhi ugcine izinhlelo zethu zokusebenza zibuyekeziwe ukuze unciphise ingcuphe yokuhlaselwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuqapha lapho usebenzisana nokuqukethwe okungaziwa nezixhumanisi, ukugwema ukuwela ezingibeni noma ezinkohlisweni.
5. Uyivikela kanjani idatha yakho yomuntu siqu ezinkundleni zokuxhumana
Inkundla yezokuxhumana isiyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwethu, esivumela ukuthi sixhumane nabangane, sabelane ngezikhathi ezikhethekile, futhi silandele amathrendi akamuva. Kodwa-ke, ngalezi zinzuzo futhi kuza nezingozi nokukhathazeka mayelana nokuvikelwa kwedatha yethu yomuntu siqu. Kubalulekile ukuthi sicabangele lezi zinyathelo zokuphepha ukuze sivikele ulwazi lwethu ekubeni sengozini.
Ubumfihlo be-akhawunti: Isinyathelo sokuqala sokuvikela idatha yakho ezinkundleni zokuxhumana wukubuyekeza nokulungisa izilungiselelo zobumfihlo ze-akhawunti yakho. Qiniseka ukuthi okuthunyelwe kwakho Bonakala kubangani bakho kuphela noma koxhumana nabo obathembayo, futhi ugweme ukwabelana ngolwazi lomuntu siqu olubucayi, njengekheli lakho noma inombolo yocingo, esidlangalaleni. Futhi, hlola njalo ukuthi ubani okwazi ukufinyelela iphrofayela yakho futhi ususe abantu abangaziwa noma abangabafuni ohlwini lwabangani bakho.
Amaphasiwedi avikelekile: Isihluthulelo sokugcina idatha yakho yomuntu siqu ivikelekile ukuba namaphasiwedi aqinile. Qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa inhlanganisela yezinhlamvu ezinkulu nezincane, izinombolo, nezimpawu kuphasiwedi yakho. Gwema ukusebenzisa ulwazi lomuntu siqu olusobala, njengegama lakho noma usuku lokuzalwa, futhi ushintshe iphasiwedi yakho njalo. Ukwengeza, vumela ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezimbili noma nini lapho kunokwenzeka ukuze ungeze isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuvikela.
Gwema ukwabelana ngolwazi olubucayi: Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi noma yini owabelana ngayo ezinkundleni zokuxhumana ingabonwa ngabantu abaningi. Ngakho-ke, gwema ukuthumela ulwazi olubucayi, njengemininingwane yezezimali, ulwazi lwezokwelapha noma indawo yakho. ngesikhathi sangempela. Qaphela ulwazi owabelana ngalo futhi ucabange kabili ngaphambi kokushicilela okuthile okungalimaza ukuphepha kwakho siqu.
6. Ukwanda kobugebengu bamakhompuyutha kanye nezinyathelo zokuvimbela ezidingekayo
Ubugebengu be-Cybercrime bube nokwanda okushaqisayo eminyakeni yamuva, ikakhulukazi ngokukhula okuphawulekayo kwezinkundla zokuxhumana. Lezi zinkundla zinikeza izinzuzo ezingenakubalwa zokuxhumana nokuxhumana komphakathi, kodwa futhi ziveza ubungozi obukhulu bezokuphepha. Kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuvikela ezidingekayo ukuze sivikele ulwazi lwethu futhi sigweme ukuba izisulu zalobu bugebengu.
Okunye okukhathaza kakhulu maqondana nezinkundla zokuxhumana i ukuvezwa kwedatha yomuntu siqu. Ngokwenza amaphrofayili kulezi zinkundla, siveza inani elikhulu lolwazi olungasetshenziswa izigebengu ze-inthanethi, amagama aphelele, izinsuku zokuzalwa, izindawo zokuhlala, ngisho nezithombe kanye nemininingwane emayelana nemisebenzi yethu yansuku zonke ifinyelelwa yinoma ubani onezinhloso ezimbi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukubaluleka ubumfihlo futhi ulungise ngokufanelekile izilungiselelo ze-akhawunti yethu ukuze ukhawulele inani lolwazi olwabiwe.
Esinye isici okufanele sicatshangelwe ubugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi. Le nqubo ibandakanya ukukhohlisa abasebenzisi ukuthi baveze ulwazi olubucayi, olufana namagama ayimfihlo noma ulwazi lwekhadi lesikweletu, ngemilayezo ye-imeyili noma amawebhusayithi umgunyathi ozenza izinhlangano ezisemthethweni. Ukuze sizivikele kulolu hlobo lobugebengu be-inthanethi, kubalulekile qaphela futhi qaphela imilayezo noma izixhumanisi ezisolisayo. Kuyancomeka futhi ukusebenzisa amaphasiwedi avikelekile futhi ugcine amadivaysi ethu nezinhlelo zokusebenza zibuyekezwa ngezinyathelo zakamuva zokuphepha.
7. Iqhaza lemfundo eku-inthanethi ekukhuthazeni ukusetshenziswa okuphephile kwamanethiwekhi omphakathi
Imfundo eku-inthanethi ibalulekile ukukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa okuphephile kwezinkundla zokuxhumana. Esikhathini sedijithali esiphila kuso, imithombo yezokuxhumana iye yaba yingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwethu kwansuku zonke. Kungakho kubalulekile ukuthi abantu bathole amakhono adingekayo okusebenzisa izinkundla zokuxhumana ngokuzibophezela nangokuphepha.
Enye yezinzuzo zemfundo ye-inthanethi ukufinyeleleka. Ngokungafani nezindlela zokufundisa zendabuko, imfundo ye-inthanethi ivumela abantu ukuthi bafinyelele izinsiza zemfundo noma kuphi nanoma nini. Lokhu kuzuzisa kakhulu uma kuziwa ekufundiseni mayelana nokusetshenziswa okuphephile kwenkundla yezokuxhumana, njengoba abasebenzisi bengafunda ngejubane labo futhi ngokuya ngezidingo zabo Ukwengeza, imfundo ye-inthanethi inikeza amafomethi ahlukahlukene, njengamavidiyo okufundisa, alandekayo imihlahlandlela, nezinkundla zezingxoxo, ezisiza ukufunda ngokuxoxisana nokuzenzela wena uqobo.
Enye inzuzo yikhono lokuzivumelanisa ngokushesha nezinguquko ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. Inkundla yezokuxhumana ihlezi ishintsha, okusho ukuthi imithetho nezingozi ezihlobene nazo zishintsha njalo Ngemfundo ye-inthanethi, kungenzeka ukuthi uhlale unolwazi lwakamuva mayelana nezitayela zakamuva kanye nemikhuba ephephile ekusetshenzisweni kwamanethiwekhi omphakathi. Ukwengeza, izifundo eziku-inthanethi zingabuyekezwa ngokushesha nangokushesha kunezinto eziphrintiwe, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi abafundi bathola ulwazi olufanele kakhulu nolwakamuva.
Ngingu-Sebastián Vidal, unjiniyela wekhompyutha ozifelayo ngobuchwepheshe kanye ne-DIY. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngingumdali we tecnobits.com, lapho ngabelana khona ngezifundo zokwenza ubuchwepheshe bufinyeleleke kakhudlwana futhi buqonde wonke umuntu.