- I-ReFS idlula i-NTFS ngobuqotho nokulinganisa, ihlinzeka ngamaphutha okuzilungisa nokusekelwa kwamafayela amakhulu namavolumu.
- I-NTFS yaziwa ngokuhambisana kwayo yonke indawo, izici ezithuthukisiwe njengokuminyanisa, ukubethela, nezabelo zediski, futhi isadingeka ekufakeni nasekuqaliseni iWindows.
- I-ReFS iyisinqumo esingcono kakhulu sezindawo namaseva enziwe ngokoqobo, kuyilapho i-NTFS ilungele ukusetshenziswa okuvamile nokusebenzisana nesofthiwe namadivayisi angaphandle.
Umhlaba we ukugcinwa kwedatha ku-Windows ithuthuke kakhulu ngokuvela kwezinhlelo ezintsha zefayela ezithembisa ukuthuthukisa ubuqotho, ukusebenza kanye nokulinganisa uma kuqhathaniswa nezixazululo zendabuko. Namuhla le nkinga incishiswe kwaba izinketho ezimbili: I-ReFS vs NTFS.
La ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwe-ReFS (Uhlelo Lokuvikela Amafayela) kanye ne-NTFS (Uhlelo olusha lwefayela lobuchwepheshe) Ingenye yezinkulumo-mpikiswano ezihlala njalo phakathi kwabaphathi besistimu, ochwepheshe be-IT, nabasebenzisi abathuthukile abafuna ukukhetha ubuchwepheshe obungcono kakhulu bezindawo ezidinga kakhulu, amaseva, izipele, noma imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Kulesi sihloko sijula kulolu daba.
Iyini i-NTFS? Isistimu ye-Windows eguquguqukayo futhi ehlanganisiwe
I-NTFS yiyona I-Microsoft Classic File System, yethulwa ngo-1993 nge-Windows NT futhi ibilokhu ijwayelekile kusukela ngaleso sikhathi. Ukuvuthwa nekhono layo lokusebenza ezindaweni eziningi kusho ukuthi siyaqhubeka nokuyithola ngokuzenzakalelayo ku-Windows 10, 11, wonke amaseva e-Windows, kanye nenqwaba yamadivayisi angochwepheshe kanye nekhaya nezinhlelo zokusebenza.
Phakathi kwezimpahla zayo ezinkulu kukhona Ukuvumelana nezimo, ukuhambisana okunwetshiwe kanye neqoqo elikhulu lezici ezithuthukile eziye zayivumela ukuthi ibe inketho ekhethwayo yamadrayivu aqinile, ama-SSD, amadrayivu angaphandle, amaseva, amanethiwekhi okugcina, ngisho namadivayisi we-multimedia noma wokugada amavidiyo. I-NTFS Kuze kube manje, kuwukuphela kwesistimu yefayela ekwazi ukusingatha ama-partitions e-boot nokusebenzisa izinhlelo ze-Windows, okubalulekile kumakhompyutha womuntu siqu, ama-laptops, kanye nezixazululo eziningi zebhizinisi.
- Izici ezibalulekile ze-NTFS: ukusekelwa kwamafayela amakhulu namavolumu (afinyelela ku-256 TB ngefayela ngalinye); izinhlu zokulawula ukufinyelela (ama-ACL) ngezimvume ezithuthukile; ukucindezela nokubethela ezingeni lesistimu yefayela; ukubhala (ukuqopha ukuvimbela inkohlakalo ngenxa yokunqamuka kukagesi noma ukwehluleka); izabelo zediski ngomsebenzisi ngamunye; ingcebo yemethadatha nokusekelwa kwezixhumanisi ezingokomfanekiso, amaphuzu okukhweza, nezixhumanisi eziqinile.
- Izinzuzo ezengeziwe: Ilungiselelwe ukusetshenziswa kwezinhloso eziningi, inikeza ukuhlanganiswa okugcwele nezici ze-Windows, futhi ihambisana nohlu olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza zesofthiwe yokusekelayo, i-antivirus, izinsiza zokubuyisela, namathuluzi ezinkampani zangaphandle.
- Inkinga yokuhambisana: Isebenza kuzo zonke izinguqulo ze-Windows futhi ingafundwa (nakuba kunemikhawulo ethile) ezinhlelweni ze-Linux, i-macOS, ne-hardware yesimanje yokugcina.
Iyini i-ReFS? Isistimu yefayela yesimanje ye-Microsoft
I-ReFS yavela ngo-2012 njenge impendulo ezidingweni ezintsha zokugcinwa kwebhizinisi, izindawo zokwenza izinto ezibonakalayo, ukuvikelwa kwedatha ngezinga elikhulu kanye nezindawo zamafu. Idizayinelwe ukunqoba eminye imikhawulo ye-NTFS futhi ibhekane nobuthakathaka bayo endaweni yenkohlakalo nokuphathwa kwevolumu enkulu, i-ReFS ibilokhu ivela kancane kancane kunguqulo ngayinye ye-Windows Server, futhi muva nje ku-Windows Pro ye-Workstations kanye nezinhlelo ezithuthukisiwe ze-Windows 10 kanye Windows 11.
Ingqikithi ye I-ReFS es ukuqina: ikhono elithuthukisiwe lokuvikela, ukulungisa, nokusebenza kudatha ngisho nalapho ubhekene nokwehluleka kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, inkohlakalo, noma ukuhluleka kwamandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ine-scalability enkulu kanye nezici ezimbalwa ezihlukile ezithuthukisa ukusebenza, ikakhulukazi ekwenzeni izinto ezibonakalayo kanye nesitoreji esibalulekile sokulondoloza.
- Izici ezibalulekile ze-ReFS: Ubuqotho bedatha eqinisekisiwe ekupheleni ukuya ekupheleni kusetshenziswa amasheke kumethadatha namafayela ngokuzikhethela; Iphutha elizenzakalelayo lokuzilungisa uma lisetshenziswa Nezikhala Zesitoreji noma Izikhala Zesitoreji Ngokuqondile; Ukuskena okusebenzayo ngezikhathi ezithile (isilungisi-maphutha) ukuhlonza nokulungisa umonakalo ngaphandle kokungenelela okwenziwa ngesandla; ukusekelwa kwezingobo zomlando ezinkulu namavolumu (kufika ku-35 PB ngevolumu ngayinye); Amakhono ahlukile womthwalo obonakalayo wokusebenza njenge-block cloning, i-VDL encane (ukudala i-VHD esheshayo), kanye nokulingana okusheshiswe kwesibuko.
- Izinzuzo ezengeziwe: I-ReFS ilungiselelwe ukunciphisa umthelela wokuhlukaniswa, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula, nokukhulisa ukutholakala kwedatha kuzimo ezibucayi noma ezidingeka kakhulu.
- Izinkinga zokuhambisana: Nakuba isekelwa ngokwandayo ezinguqulweni eziningi, akwenzeki ukuyisebenzisa njengesistimu yokuqalisa, futhi ngokuvamile ayitholakali ekufakweni okujwayelekile kwe-Windows Home, futhi inemikhawulo ethile ekubetheleni, ekucindezelweni nasekuhambisaneni nesofthiwe nezinsiza ezindala.
I-ReFS vs NTFS: Umehluko Wezobuchwepheshe
Ake sibhekisise umehluko oyinhloko phakathi kwe-ReFS ne-NTFS: lokho umuntu ngamunye angakwenza nangakwazi.
Ithebula lokuqhathanisa lezimpawu nemikhawulo
| Ukusebenza / Isici | I-NTFS | I-ReFS |
|---|---|---|
| Ukuqalisa uhlelo lokusebenza | Yebo | Cha |
| Ukubethelwa Kwefayela (EFS) | Yebo | Cha |
| I-BitLocker (i-disk encryption egcwele) | Yebo | Yebo |
| Ukucindezelwa kwefayela | Yebo | Cha |
| Ukukhishwa kwedatha | Yebo | Yebo (ngezinguqulo 1709/Server 2019 nakamuva) |
| Izilinganiso zeDiski | Yebo | Cha |
| Ukuthengiselana | Yebo | Cha |
| I-ODX (Ukudluliswa Kwedatha Okulayishiwe) | Yebo | Cha |
| Izixhumanisi ezingokomfanekiso (ezithambile/eziqinile) | Yebo | Kunomkhawulo |
| Vimba i-cloning | Cha | Yebo |
| I-Sparse VDL (ukudala i-VHD esheshayo) | Cha | Yebo |
| Ukulingana okusheshisiwe kwe-Reflex | Cha | Yebo |
| Izifinyezo zezinga lefayela | Cha | Yebo (Iseva 2022+) |
| Usekelo lwemethadatha enwetshiwe | Yebo | Kunomkhawulo |
| Umkhawulo kasayizi wefayela | I-256 TB | I-35 PB |
| Ubukhulu bosayizi wevolumu | I-256 TB | I-35 PB |
| Umkhawulo wendlela/ubude befayela | 255/32.000 izinhlamvu | 255/32.000 izinhlamvu |
| Usayizi weqoqo | 512B - 64K | 4K / 64K |
| Amafayela ahlakazekile | Yebo | Yebo |
| Usekelo lwe-CSV (Imiqulu Yabelanwe Ngamaqoqo) | Yebo | Yebo (nama-nuances) |
| Amaphuzu okuhlangana, ukuhlanganisa, ukuhlaziya kabusha | Yebo | Yebo |
| Usekelo lwefayela lekhasi | Yebo | Kunomkhawulo (kusukela ku-ReFS 3.7) |
| Usekelo lwemidiya olukhiphekayo | Yebo | Cha |
Njengoba ubona, ekubhekaneni kwe-ReFS ne-NTFS, eyokuqala ingaphambili kakhulu ekulinganiseni nasekuqiniseni amandla, kodwa isengenazo izici abasebenzisi abaningi kulokhu kungqubuzana abangazidinga, ikakhulukazi uma uvela ku-NTFS.
I-Scalability: Umehluko omkhulu emandleni nasekusebenzeni
La umehluko emandleni Uma sihlaziya i-NTFS vs ReFS inkulu. NTFS, nakuba ngombono isekela kuze kube 16 exabytes, Empeleni, ezindaweni ze-Windows kukhawulelwe ku-256 TB kuwo womabili amafayela namavolumu, kuyilapho i-ReFS yephula yonke imingcele ivumela ama-petabyte afika kwangu-35 kumafayela namavolumu, isibalo esiphindaphindeka izikhathi ezingaphezu kwe-135 umthamo ongokoqobo we-NTFS.
Lokhu kubalulekile lapho usebenza nezimo zebhizinisi, isitoreji esikhulu, amachibi amakhulu edatha, izipele zamaseva amaningi, noma amasistimu okwenza izinto ezibonakalayo anamakhulu amadiski abonakalayo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, I-ReFS iphatha ukuhlukaniswa nokuphathwa kwefayela elikhulu elilandelanayo kangcono., sibonga ngokwengxenye ngesakhiwo sayo sangaphakathi esisekelwe ezihlahleni ze-B+ kanye nomklamo wokukopisha-nokubhala, onciphisa ukusebenza kwe-I/O futhi othuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamafayela amakhulu.
Ubuqotho bedatha nokuqina: uguquko olukhulu lwe-ReFS
I-ReFS yadalelwa ukuvikela ekukhohlakaleni nasekulahlekeni kwedatha yephutha noma buthule., inkinga engaba inhlekelele ezindaweni ezibucayi. Amandla ayo amakhulu yilawa:
- Ukulandelana kobuqotho kanye namasheke kuyo yonke imethadatha futhi, ngokuzikhethela, kudatha yefayela. Lokhu kuvumela i-ReFS ukuthi ibone, ihlonze, futhi ilungise inkohlakalo ngokuzenzakalelayo ngaphandle kokungenelela komuntu noma isidingo sokuqalisa izinsiza zohlobo lwe-CHKDSK.
- Ukuhlanganiswa okujulile Nezikhala Zesitoreji Nezindawo Zokugcina Eziqondile, ihlinzeka ngokuphindaphindeka ngokushesha: lapho ithola idatha eyonakele esibukweni noma endaweni yokulingana, i-ReFS iyayilungisa isebenzisa ikhophi enempilo ekhona, igcina imiqulu ku-inthanethi futhi ingenawo umthelela oqondile ekutholakaleni kwesevisi.
- Ukulungisa iziphazamisi ezisebenzayo kusetshenziswa isilungisi sephutha (integrity scrubber), ezikhathini ezithile iskena ivolomu ukuthola ukonakala okucashile ngemuva futhi izilungise ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Ukusebenza nokwenza izinto ezibonakalayo: lapho i-ReFS ihamba phambili
Esinye sezici ezibalulekile ze-ReFS ukusebenza kwayo okuphezulu ekulayishweni komsebenzi okubonakalayo ngenxa yezici ezihlukile:
- Vimba i-cloning: Isheshisa ukuphindaphindwa kwediski ebonakalayo, izifinyezo, nokusebenza kokukopisha ezindaweni ze-Hyper-V nezinye izinkundla. Ivumela, isibonelo, ukuhlanganisa izindawo zokuhlola cishe ngokushesha.
- Shintshanisa amasheya VDL: ikuvumela ukuthi udale amafayela ediski ebonakalayo enosayizi omisiwe (VHD/X) ngemizuzwana, kanti nge-NTFS kungathatha amashumi emizuzu.
- Ukulingana okusheshisiwe kwe-Reflex: Ihlukanisa isitoreji sibe izigaba ezimbili (ukusebenza nomthamo), ithuthukise ukusetshenziswa kwama-SSD ekusebenzeni okusebenzayo kanye nokuhambisa idatha engasetshenzisiwe kancane kumadiski ahamba kancane ngaphandle kokungenelela okwenziwa ngesandla.
Imikhawulo yamanje kanye nokushiyeka kwe-ReFS: ingahamba kude kangakanani
Akuyona yonke into elungile nge-ReFS. Nakuba amandla ayo amakhulu, ngokusobala aqondiswe ezimeni zebhizinisi, amaseva, nemisebenzi ebalulekile yokugcina izinto. Imikhawulo yamanje eyinhloko yilezi:
- Ayikuvumeli ukufaka noma ukubhutha iWindows kumavolumu we-ReFS. Uma udinga idiski ebhuthayo, i-NTFS isadingeka.
- Ayisekeli ukucindezelwa kwefayela noma ukubethela ezingeni lesistimu yefayela (EFS). Uma lezi zici zibalulekile, uzodinga ukukhetha i-NTFS noma i-BitLocker (esekelwayo).
- Ayinawo ama-quota ediski, izibaluli ezinwetshiwe, amagama amafushane, imisebenzi, nokusekelwa kwesitoreji esikhiphekayo. (ama-pendrives, SD).
- Ukuhambisana okulinganiselwe nezinsiza ezithile ezindala kanye nesofthiwe yokusekelayo yomuntu wesithathu. Nakuba ukuhlanganiswa kuba ngcono unyaka ngamunye, ezinye izinhlelo eziqondile kakhulu zingase zingayiboni imethadatha ethile ethuthukisiwe noma izici zokuphepha.
Izimo ezinconyiwe zokusebenzisa i-NTFS ne-ReFS
Kunini lapho kufaneleka khona ukusebenzisa isistimu yefayela ngayinye? Izindlela ezihamba phambili ze-Microsoft nezincomo nolwazi oluthuthukisiwe lwabasebenzisi luhlanganisa:
- Sebenzisa i-NTFS uma:
- Udinga ukuhambisana okukhulu nokuvumelana nezimo.
- Udinga ukucindezelwa kwefayela, ama-quota, ukubethelwa kwedatha, ukuthengiselana, noma ukusetshenziswa kwedrayivu yangaphandle noma ebhuthayo.
- Usebenza ezindaweni ezixubile noma ngamathuluzi angayisekeli i-ReFS.
- Ubeka phambili ukuhambisana nezicelo zefa noma izimo zekhaya nehhovisi.
- Khetha i-ReFS uma:
- Uphatha amavolumu amakhulu edatha ebalulekile, izipele, amafayela omshini obonakalayo, izifinyezo noma imithwalo yokusebenza ebonakalayo (Hyper-V, VDI…)
- Ubuqotho, ukuzibona wena kanye nokulungiswa kwamaphutha, kanye nokutholakala okuphezulu yizinto eziza kuqala.
- Usebenzisa Izikhala Zesitoreji / Izikhala Zesitoreji Ngokuqondile, izinhlelo eziyingxube ze-SSD/HDD kumaseva, noma amachibi okugcina ebhizinisi amakhulu.
- Udinga ukuqina okudlulele kanye nokwenza kahle ukuze ugcine okushisayo/okubandayo.
Njengoba ubona, isinqumo phakathi kwe-ReFS vs NTFS asimnyama noma simhlophe. Zombili izinketho zine-niche yazo, Futhi ukhiye ukukhetha ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zakho zangempela, uhlobo lwedatha ozoyigcina, nengqalasizinda onayo.
Okwamanje, I-ReFS isivele iyinketho ehamba phambili yokugcina umthamo omkhulu, iziphakeli zefayela, izinqolobane eziyisipele, kanye nezindawo ezingokoqobo zesizukulwane esilandelayo ngenxa yamandla ayo okuzivikela kanye nokuphathwa kwevolumu ngobuhlakani. Kodwa-ke, i-NTFS ihlala ibalulekile emisebenzini yakudala, imishini yasekhaya, nokuqalwa kabusha kwesistimu, futhi igcina amandla ayo ekusebenzisaneni nasekuguquguqukeni.
Umhleli okhethekile kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nezindaba ze-inthanethi onolwazi olungaphezu kweminyaka eyishumi kumidiya ehlukene yedijithali. Ngisebenze njengomhleli kanye nomdali wokuqukethwe kwe-e-commerce, ukuxhumana, ukumaketha ku-inthanethi kanye nezinkampani zokukhangisa. Ngike ngabhala kumawebhusayithi ezomnotho, ezezimali neminye imikhakha. Umsebenzi wami nawo uwuthando lwami. Manje, ngokusebenzisa izihloko zami ku Tecnobits, ngizama ukuhlola zonke izindaba namathuba amasha izwe lobuchwepheshe elisinikeza lona nsuku zonke ukuze sithuthukise izimpilo zethu.