- Abangama-27 basekela ukubuyekezwa koMthetho we-Chip ukuze kugxilwe kubuchwepheshe obubalulekile, ithalente, noxhaso.
- Uhlaka olusha luzoyeka umgomo wesabelo sika-20% futhi lubeke eqhulwini ukugunyazwa okuhlelekile kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali okudidiyelwe.
- Kuhlongozwa ukuthi kuphindwe kane ukutshalwa kwezimali futhi kufundwe isabelomali esinikezelwe kuma-semiconductors.
- Ukusekelwa okubanzi kwemboni: I-SEMI kanye nezinkampani ezicishe zibe ngama-50 ezifana ne-NVIDIA, i-ASML, i-Intel, i-STMicro, ne-Infineon.
I-European Union ithathe isinyathelo esihlanganisiwe: Amazwe Angamalungu angama-27 ajoyine umfelandawonye eholwa yi-Netherlands, efuna ukubuyekezwa koMthetho we-Chip. Lesi simemezelo sesivele sithunyelwe kuKhomishini YaseYurophu ngenhloso yokuqondisa kabusha isu le-bloc le-semiconductor yezimboni ezintweni ezibalulekile ezibalulekile.
La iniciativa, conocida como I-Semicon Coalition, ihlose ukususa ukugxila enjongweni yokwabelana kwemakethe ejwayelekile iye ekuqinisekiseni tecnologías clave, lungisa ukugunyazwa kwephrojekthi, uqinise ithalente, futhi uqondise kangcono uxhaso lukahulumeni noluzimele. Le nhlangano inokwesekwa yiminyango yephalamende neyezimboni, kanye nohulumeni kazwelonke.
Uyini uMthetho we-Chips 2.0 futhi kungani manje?
I-EU Chip Law, eyethulwe ngo-2022, yahlanganiswa Ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-43.000 ukukhulisa ukukhiqizwa, ukuklama kanye nokuqapha kwe-supply chain, ngenhloso yokufeza 20% de la producción mundial ama-semiconductors ngo-2030. Nokho, imiphumela ayizange ibe sezingeni, kanye nokuhoxiswa kwephrojekthi enkulu. Intel eJalimane Igqamise ubunzima ekuheheni ukukhiqizwa okuthuthukile.
I-European Court of Auditors ithe, ngesivinini samanje, lokhu kuhloswe ngakho inviable futhi ibeka i-projection ezungeze 11,7% ekupheleni kweminyaka eyishumi. Ngokuhambisanayo, idatha yakamuva yomkhakha ikhombisa ukuthi ubukhona baseYurophu bukhona 9,2% wemakethe yomhlaba wonke, okuqinisa ukuphuthuma kokucabanga kabusha okuhlosiwe.
Okucelwa yiSemicon Coalition
Idokhumenti, esayinwe yiwo wonke Amazwe Angamalungu, iphakamisa uMthetho we-Chips 2.0 ngendlela engokoqobo: ukuvikela ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile, Sheshisa izinqubo futhi wandise imisipha yezezimali kulo lonke uchungechunge lwenani, kusukela ekuklanyeni kuya ekukhiqizeni nasekufakweni.
- Ecosistema colaborativo: ubudlelwano phakathi kwezimboni, ama-SME neziqalo, ngokudluliswa kobuchwepheshe obusebenzayo ngocwaningo.
- Inversión y financiación: ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezimali zaseYurophu nezezwe, ukugunyazwa okusheshayo nokuthuthukisa imali yangasese (ukufunda ku-IPCEI).
- Talento: Uhlelo lwamakhono e-semiconductor lwaseYurophu lokuqinisa i-STEM, ukuhamba komcwaningi, nokuheha amaphrofayili akhethekile.
- Ukusimama: izinqubo ezihlanzekile nezisebenza kahle ngokwemibandela zamanzi namandla, ukushintshwa kwezinto eziyingozi, kanye nokuzungeza kwezinto.
- Alianzas internacionales: ukusebenzisana nozakwethu abanomqondo ofanayo kumaketanga okunikezela avikelekile, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukuzimela kwesu laseYurophu.
Izinsika, izilinganiso kanye nezimali
Umfelandawonye uphakamisa ukuthi esikhundleni sesabelo esidala kufakwe izinsika ezintathu ezibalulekile, kube namamethrikhi angabuyekezwa kanye nokuxhumana okuseduze phakathi kweBrussels, amazwe angamalungu, namabhizinisi: Ukuchuma, Okungadingeki Nokuqina.
- Prosperidad: ukukhuthaza i-ecosystem eqhudelanayo eyenza inani emkhakheni wezimoto, amandla, ezokuxhumana kanye nezinsizakalo zedijithali.
- Ukungabi namsebenzi: ubuholi ku ukusungula izinto ezintsha kanye nokulawula amaphuzu abalulekile njengokuklama, izinto zokwakha kanye nemishini yokukhiqiza.
- Resiliencia: Ukunikezwa okuthembekile lapho ubhekene nokuphazamiseka kwezwe kanye nokungezwani, okunamandla obunikazi kumahabhu ayinhloko.
Phakathi kwezinyathelo yi- ithrekhi esheshayo yokugunyazwa wengqalasizinda, a presupuesto específico kuma-semiconductors kanye nokufinyelela okuthuthukisiwe kwemiklamo ebucayi yokukhiqiza nobuchwepheshe. Iphinde ikhulumele qondanisa amathuluzi ezezimali Amaphrojekthi aseYurophu kanye kazwelonke kanye nokwenza lula ukuthunyelwa kwamaphrojekthi amasu.
Ukwesekwa kwemboni kanye nokuxhumana nabantu
Inhlangano inokwesekwa yi- Inhlangano ye-SEMI, okuhlanganisa izinkampani ezingaba ngu-3.000, kanye nabakhiqizi nabahlinzeki abangaba ngamashumi amahlanu ochungechungeni lwama-chip, okuhlanganisa I-NVIDIA, ASML, Intel, STMicroelectronics kanye ne-InfineonIzinkampani zifuna ukwenziwa okushesha kakhudlwana kanye nesiqiniseko sokulawula ukuze kusheshiswe ukutshalwa kwezimali.
Ngokombono wezepolitiki, abaholi bezomnotho bagcizelela ukuthi isu lezimboni zaseYurophu kumele ukuzijwayeza ukungezwani kwezwe kakade isidingo esinamandla ku I-AI, izimoto, amandla nokuzivikelaUbunye bama-27 buqinisa igunya lokuhamba ngokushesha.
Izinyathelo ezilandelayo eBrussels
I-European Commission kufanele manje hlolisisa isitatimende futhi ihumushele kuziphakamiso zomthetho. Akekho ikhalenda elivaliwe, kodwa ukwesekwa ngazwi linye okuvela emazweni Angamalungu kuphokophela inqubekelaphambili esheshayo ohlakeni olusebenzayo nolubikezelwe.
Ngokuhambisanayo, kuhlelwa izingxoxo nabalingani bamazwe ngamazwe kanye nomkhakha wokuchaza amaphrojekthi we-R&D, uqinise amaketanga avikelekile futhi uklame izindlela zokuxhasa ngezimali ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Abahlaziyi baveza ukuthi impumelelo izoncika ukulinganisa ukuzimela kwamasu nokubambisana komhlaba wonke ngaphandle kokuwela ku-bureaucracy ngokweqile.
Uhlelo olusetafuleni luhlanganisa ukukhuphula umzamo wezezimali, okungenzeka ukuthi phindaphinda utshalomali lwamanje ngokune kuma-semiconductors futhi inikeze ukwesekwa okuqondiswe kakhulu ezingxenyeni lapho i-Europe ingenza umehluko, kusukela kumishini ye-lithography kuya ekufakweni okuthuthukile.
Ngomfutho wezepolitiki kanye nokwesekwa kwezimboni, Umthetho weChips 2.0 uhlose ukulungisa amaphutha kusukela ohlakeni lokuqala kuya ekuguquleni izifiso zibe amaphrojekthi abambekayo, ukusheshisa ukwenziwa, ukuqinisa amakhono abalulekile kanye nokuheha ukutshalwa kwezimali okuhlanganisa i-Europe kuchungechunge lwe-semiconductor yomhlaba wonke.
Ngingumshisekeli wezobuchwepheshe oguqule izintshisekelo zakhe "ze-geek" zaba umsebenzi. Ngichithe iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10 yempilo yami ngisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu kanye nokukitaza ngazo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlelo ngenxa yelukuluku lokufuna ukwazi. Manje sengiqeqeshelwe ubuchwepheshe be-computer nemidlalo yama-video. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi sekuphele iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-5 ngisebenza ngokubhalela amawebhusayithi ahlukahlukene ezobuchwepheshe nemidlalo yevidiyo, ngenza izindatshana ezifuna ukukunikeza imininingwane oyidingayo ngolimi oluqondakala yiwo wonke umuntu.
Uma unemibuzo, ulwazi lwami lusukela kuyo yonke into ehlobene nesistimu yokusebenza ye-Windows kanye ne-Android yomakhalekhukhwini. Futhi ukuzibophezela kwami kuwe, ngihlala ngizimisele ukuchitha amaminithi ambalwa futhi ngikusize uxazulule noma yimiphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo kulo mhlaba we-inthanethi.