Amaqhinga alula okwenza i-inthanethi ihambe ngokushesha
I-inthanethi isiphenduke ithuluzi elibalulekile ezimpilweni zethu, kungaba elomsebenzi, elokuzijabulisa noma lokuxhumana. Kodwa-ke, kwesinye isikhathi kungakhungathekisa lapho isivinini sakho sokuxhuma sihamba kancane. Ngenhlanhla, zikhona amaqhinga alula esingakwazi ukukusebenzisa ukuze sithuthukise ukuxhumana kwethu futhi sikwenze I-inthanethi ihamba ngokushesha. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izindlela zobuchwepheshe ezihlukene ezizokusiza uthuthukise isivinini senethiwekhi yakho futhi ujabulele okwenziwa ku-inthanethi okushelelayo nokusebenza kahle.
1. Buyekeza isiphequluli sakho futhi isistimu esebenzayo
Esinye sezinyathelo zokuqala zokuthuthukisa isivinini se-inthanethi ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi kokubili isiphequluli sakho nesistimu yokusebenza zibuyekezelwa enguqulweni yazo yakamuva. Izibuyekezo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa ukulungiswa kweziphazamisi nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza, okungaba nomthelela omuhle esivinini sokuxhuma. Ukwengeza, ukusebenzisa inguqulo yakamuva yesiphequluli sakho kuzokuvumela ukuthi usebenzise ngokugcwele i- últimas tecnologías isetshenziswa ukusheshisa ukulayishwa kwamakhasi ewebhu.
2. Lungiselela izilungiselelo zerutha
Irutha iyidivayisi ephethe ukusabalalisa isignali ye-inthanethi ekhaya noma ehhovisi lakho. Uma ukuxhumeka kwakho kuhamba kancane, izilungiselelo zakho zingase zingathuthukiswa Finyelela kusixhumi esibonakalayo sokuphatha futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ukuphepha, ikhwalithi yesevisi (QoS), kanye nezilungiselelo zesiteshi zimiswe ngendlela efanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubeka irutha endaweni emaphakathi endlini yakho noma ukusebenzisa iziphindaphinda zesiginali kungathuthukisa ukumbozwa, ngakho-ke, isivinini sokuxhuma.
3. Nciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwamanye amadivaysi
Endaweni enamadivayisi amaningi axhunywe ku- inethiwekhi efanayo, ukuphazamiseka kungathinta isivinini se-inthanethi. Amanye amadivayisi angenazintambo, njengamafoni angenazintambo, ama-microwave, noma iziqapha zezingane, angabangela ukuphazamiseka kwesignali. Gcina lawa madivayisi ekude nomzila futhi, uma kungenzeka, ukhethe ukuxhuma ngoxhumano lwezintambo esikhundleni salokho.
4. Sebenzisa i-antivirus kanye ne-ad blocker
Ukuba khona kohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha kudivayisi yakho kunganciphisa uxhumano lwakho lwe-inthanethi. Qiniseka ukuthi une-antivirus enhle efakiwe futhi evuselelwe ukuze uvikele ikhompuyutha yakho futhi ugweme ukuba khona kwesofthiwe eyingozi. Ukwengeza, izikhangiso zesibhengezo zingadla ingxenye enkulu yomkhawulokudonsa wakho, ikakhulukazi kumawebhusayithi anezikhangiso ezihlaselayo. Ukusebenzisa isivimbeli sesikhangiso kungakusiza ukulayisha okuqukethwe ngokushesha, kuthuthukise isivinini sokuphequlula.
Ngokusebenzisa la macebo alula, ungajabulela uxhumano lwe-inthanethi olusheshayo nolusebenza kahle kakhudlwana. Ungabe usamosha isikhathi ulinde ukuthi amakhasi alayishwe noma ahlangabezane neziphazamiso ezingqungqutheleni zakho zevidiyo. Lungiselela uxhumo lwakho futhi wenze ngokugcwele konke okuhlinzekwa yiwebhu.
1. Ungalikhulisa kanjani ijubane lakho le-inthanethi ekhaya
Isivinini se-inthanethi siyisici esibalulekile ezimpilweni zethu zansuku zonke, ukusebenza nokujabulela ukuzijabulisa ku-inthanethi. Uma uzithola ubhekene nokuxhumeka okunensayo, ungakhathazeki, sikhona ukuze sikusize. Kulesi sihloko, sizokunikeza ezinye amaqhinga alula ukuze ukwazi Lungiselela isivinini sakho se-inthanethi ekhaya futhi uzulazule ngokuphumelelayo.
Esinye sezinyathelo zokuqala ongazithatha ukuze uthuthukise isivinini sakho se-inthanethi ukuthi Qiniseka ukuthi irutha yakho isendaweni efanele. Ukuyibeka endaweni ephakathi kwekhaya lakho, kude nezithiyo ezifana nezindonga noma ifenisha, kuzovumela ukusatshalaliswa okungcono kwesiginali ye-Wi-Fi. Ungakhohlwa ukugcina irutha yakho ibuyekeziwe nge-firmware yakamuva etholakalayo, njengoba izibuyekezo ngokuvamile zifaka ukuthuthukiswa kwesivinini sokuxhuma nokuzinza.
Esinye isici okufanele sicatshangelwe yilesi thuthukisa ukusetshenziswa komkhawulokudonsa. Uma unamadivayisi amaningi axhumeke ngesikhathi esisodwa, isivinini singase sithinteke. Ukuze ulungise lokhu, ungakwazi phatha umkhawulokudonsa ukubeka kuqala amadivaysi athile noma izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga isivinini esengeziwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungafinyelela ukucushwa komzila wakho futhi usebenzise izinketho zekhwalithi yesevisi (QoS), lapho ungakwazi ukwabela okubalulekile amadivayisi ahlukene noma usethe imikhawulo yomkhawulokudonsa.
2.Thuthukisa isivinini sokuphequlula ngoxhumo olunezintambo
Uma ubheke ukuthuthukisa isivinini soxhumano lwakho lwe-inthanethi, inketho enhle ukukhetha uxhumo olunezintambo esikhundleni soxhumano olungenantambo. Ukuxhumeka okunezintambo kunikeza ukuzinza okukhulu nesivinini uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Wi-Fi, okukuvumela ukuthi uphequlule ngokushesha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uzodinga intambo ye-Ethernet exhuma idivayisi yakho kumzila wakho. Ngale ndlela, uzogwema ukuphazamiseka kanye nezinkinga zesignali ezivame ukuvela ngoxhumo olungenantambo.
Elinye iqhinga lokukhulisa isivinini sokuphequlula utilizar un cable de alta calidad. Ikhebula le-Ethernet lesigaba 6 noma ngaphezulu liqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwedatha okushesha futhi kuzinzile. Qiniseka ukuthi ikhebuli oyisebenzisayo isesimweni esihle futhi ayinakulimala ngokomzimba, njengoba lokhu kungase kuthinte ukusebenza koxhumo.
Ukwengeza, ukuze uqhubeke nokwandisa isivinini sokuphequlula ngoxhumo olunezintambo, kuyanconywa gwema ukusebenzisa ama-adaptha noma ukuxhumana okuphakathi lokho kungase kuthinte ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi. Xhuma ikhebula ye-Ethernet ngokuqondile kudivayisi yakho nerutha ngesivinini esiphezulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma udinga ukusebenzisa i-adaptha, qiniseka ukuthi ingeyekhwalithi enhle futhi iklanyelwe ukudlulisa idatha ngesivinini esiphezulu ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa.
3. Qiniseka ukuthi unezilungiselelo ezilungile ze-DNS
Izilungiselelo ze-DNS zidlala indima ebalulekile kwisivinini soxhumano lwakho lwe-inthanethi Uma ungenazo izilungiselelo ezilungile, ungase uzwe ukuphequlula okunensayo nokungasebenzi kahle. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unezilungiselelo ezilungile ze-DNS, landela lawa macebiso okulula:
1. Qinisekisa amaseva akho e-DNS: Hlola amaseva e-DNS owasebenzisayo njengamanje. Ungayibheka kuzilungiselelo zakho zerutha noma ku uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza. Qiniseka ukuthi ngezakamuva futhi zinconywe Umhlinzeki Wensizakalo yakho ye-inthanethi. Uma ungenaso isiqiniseko sokuthi ziyini, ungaxhumana nosekelo lwabo lobuchwepheshe ukuze uthole lolu lwazi.
2. Shintshela kumaseva e-DNS asheshayo: Uma uqinisekise ukuthi amaseva akho amanje e-DNS awasebenzi kahle kakhulu, cabanga ukushintshela kumaseva asheshayo. Kunabahlinzeki abaningi be-DNS bamahhala nabathembekile abatholakalayo, njenge-Google DNS noma i-OpenDNS, abangathuthukisa isivinini sakho sokuxhuma. Qiniseka ukuthi ulandela imiyalelo yomhlinzeki ngamunye ngokushintsha amaseva akho e-DNS kumzila wakho noma kusistimu yokusebenza.
3. Sebenzisa isevisi ye-DNS enamandla: Uma unekheli le-IP eliguqukayo, kuyanconywa ukuthi usebenzise isevisi ye-DNS eguqukayo ukuze ugcine izilungiselelo zakho ze-DNS zisesikhathini samanje. Lezi zinsizakalo zikuvumela ukuthi uhlobanise igama lesizinda nekheli lakho le-IP, ngisho noma lishintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngale ndlela, ngeke kudingeke ukhathazeke ngokubuyekeza amaseva akho e-DNS uma ikheli lakho le-IP lishintsha.
4. Sebenzisa uhlelo lokuthuthukisa ukuxhumana
Enye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokusheshisa uxhumano lwakho lwe-inthanethi ukusebenzisa i uhlelo lokwenza uxhumano. Lezi zinhlelo zakhelwe ukuthuthukisa isivinini kanye nokusebenza koxhumano lwakho, ukuqinisekisa ukuzizwisa okushelelayo uma uphequlula iwebhu. Ngokusebenzisa uhlelo olunjalo, uzokwazi lungiselela uxhumano lwakho futhi usebenzise ngokugcwele isivinini esinenkontileka nomhlinzeki wakho wesevisi.
Kunezinhlelo ezahlukahlukene zokwenza uxhumano ezitholakalayo emakethe, ezinye zazo zikhokhelwe kanti ezinye mahhala. Lezi zinhlelo ngokuvamile zinikeza izici ezifana nokuthuthukisa izilungiselelo uhlelo lokusebenza, ukuhlanza amafayela esikhashana nokuqeda izinhlelo ezingadingekile ezisebenzisa umkhawulokudonsa. Ukwengeza, eziningi zazo zifaka amathuluzi okuhlaziya inethiwekhi kanye nokwenza kahle, okukuvumela ukuthi uthole futhi uxazulule izinkinga ukuxhumana.
Kubalulekile ukukugqamisa lokho Uhlelo ngalunye lokuthuthukisa uxhumano lungase lube nezici ezihlukene kanye nokusebenza, ngakho-ke kuyatuseka ukuthi ucwaninge futhi uzame izinketho ezahlukene ukuze uthole leyo evumelana kangcono nezidingo zakho. Lapho ukhetha uhlelo, qiniseka ukuthi luhambisana nesistimu yakho yokusebenza futhi uhlole ukubuyekezwa kwalo nezilinganiso. abanye abasebenzisi. Futhi khumbula ukuthi, nakuba lezi zinhlelo zingathuthukisa kakhulu isivinini sakho sokuxhuma, Abasona isisombululo esiyisimangaliso futhi bangase bangakwazi ukulungisa izinkinga ezihlobene nengqalasizinda yenethiwekhi yomhlinzeki wakho wesevisi noma ikhwalithi ye-broadband yakho.
5. Lungiselela ukusebenza kwesiphequluli sakho sewebhu
Enye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu esibhekana nazo lapho ukuphequlula i-inthanethi ukunensa kwe isiphequluli sewebhu. Ukusebenza kancane kungakhungathekisa futhi kusenze simoshe isikhathi. Nokho, zikhona amaqhinga alula esingasisebenzisa ukuthuthukisa isivinini sokulayisha samakhasi nokuwenza I-inthanethi ihamba ngokushesha.
Enye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele siyenze sula njalo inqolobane namakhukhi yesiphequluli sethu sewebhu. Inqolobane namakhukhi amafayela esikhashana agcinwe kukhompuyutha yethu futhi anganciphisa isivinini sokulayisha samakhasi ewebhu. Ngokususa lawa mafayela, sikhulula isikhala kokuthi i-hard drive futhi sivumela isiphequluli ukuthi silayishe amakhasi ngokushesha.
Enye indlela yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwesiphequluli sethu yi- ikhubaza izandiso ezingadingekile. Izandiso ziyizengezo esizengeza esipheqululini ukuze sengeze izici ezintsha. Nokho, ezinye izandiso zingadla izinsiza eziningi futhi zehlise ukusebenza. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukubuyekeza izandiso zethu bese uvala lezo esingazisebenzisi noma esizithatha njengezingadingekile. Lokhu kuzosiza isiphequluli sisebenze kahle futhi ngokushesha.
6. Gwema ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwezandiso nama-plugin
Kunezandiso eziningi nama-plugin atholakalayo namuhla athembisa ukuthuthukisa ulwazi lwakho lwe-inthanethi futhi enze yonke into isebenze ngokushesha. Nokho, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwala mathuluzi kungaba nomphumela ophambene. Uma ufaka izandiso eziningi kakhulu, isiphequluli sakho singahamba kancane futhi sisebenzise izinsiza eziningi zekhompyutha yakho. Ngakho-ke, kuyanconywa gwema ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwezandiso nama-plugin ukuthi ngempela awudingi.
Ngaphezu kokunciphisa ukuphequlula kwakho, ezinye izandiso zingaphakamisa ukukhathazeka ngokuvikeleka. Uma ufaka izandiso ezivela emithonjeni engaziwa noma engathembekile, usengozini yokufaka engozini ubumfihlo bedatha yakho futhi uvumele uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha ukuthi lungene kusistimu yakho. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kubalulekile khetha lapho ukhetha ukuthi yiziphi izandiso ozozifaka esipheqululini sakho. Khetha labo abavela konjiniyela abathembekile futhi abanemibono emihle evela kubasebenzisi.
Umkhuba omuhle ukuhlola izandiso zakho ezifakiwe ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ubone ukuthi yiziphi ozisebenzisayo nokuthi iziphi ongenza ngaphandle kwazo. Uma uthola isandiso ongasisebenzisi kancane noma leso asisasizo kuwena, yikhiphe ngaphandle nokungabaza. Ngale ndlela, uzonciphisa umthwalo ongadingekile esipheqululini sakho futhi usize i-inthanethi ukuthi ihambe ngokushesha. Khumbula ukuthi ukugcina inombolo elawulekayo yezandiso nezengezo kuzokuvumela ukuthi ujabulele ukuphequlula okushelelayo nokusebenza kahle.
7. Hlanza njalo amafayela esikhashana nenqolobane yesiphequluli sakho
Ukugcina i-inthanethi isebenza ngokushesha futhi ishelela, kubalulekile ukulungisa njalo isiphequluli sakho. Esinye sezenzo eziphumelela kakhulu yi hlanza amafayela esikhashana kanye nenqolobane. Amafayela esikhashana yilawo akhiqizwa lapho uvakashela amakhasi ewebhu ahlukene, kuyilapho inqolobane iyinkumbulo lapho kugcinwa khona izingxenye zamafayela. amawebhusayithi oke wavakashela ngaphambili.
Ukuqoqwa kwalawa mafayela esikhashana nezinto ezifakwe kunqolobane kunganciphisa ukuzizwisa kwakho ku-inthanethi. Nokho, at limpiarlos, uzobe ususa idatha engadingekile futhi ukhulule indawo yokugcina, okuzothuthukisa isivinini sokulayisha ikhasi futhi kunciphise izikhathi zokulinda.
Indlela elula yokwenza lokhu kuhlanza ngokufinyelela izilungiselelo zesiphequluli sakho. Ngokwesibonelo, ku-Google Chrome Ungakwenza lokhu ngokukhetha inkinobho yemenyu ekhoneni eliphezulu kwesokudla, bese uya kokuthi "Umlando" bese uchofoza okuthi "Sula idatha yokuphequlula." Lapho ungakhetha ukuthi yiziphi izinto ofuna ukuzisusa, njengenqolobane namafayela esikhashana, futhi ungakhetha futhi ibanga lesikhathi ofuna ukulihlanza. Khumbula kwenzeni lokhu njalo ukugcina isiphequluli sakho silungiselelwe futhi ujabulele umuzwa ongcono uma uphequlula i-inthanethi.
8. Hlola ikhwalithi yomhlinzeki wakho wesevisi ye-inthanethi (ISP)
Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu zokujabulela uxhumano lwe-inthanethi olusheshayo noluzinzile ukuba Nomhlinzeki Wesevisi Ye-inthanethi (ISP). Kunconywa hlola ikhwalithi ye-ISP yakho ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uthola isevisi engcono kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Lapha sikunikeza amaqhinga alula okuhlola umhlinzeki wakho nokwandisa ukuxhumana kwakho.
Isinyathelo sokuqala sokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi ye-ISP yakho ukwenza ukuhlola kwesivinini se-inthanethi. Sebenzisa ithuluzi lokuhlola isivinini ku-inthanethi ukukala isivinini sokulanda kwakho nokulayisha uxhumano. Uma usuyitholile imiphumela, iqhathanise nesivinini esithenjiswa yi-ISP yakho. Uma ijubane liphansi kakhulu kunelenkontileka, kungase kube nenkinga ngesevisi ehlinzekwa umhlinzeki wakho. Xhumana ne-ISP yakho futhi unikeze imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwesivinini ukuze bakwazi ukuphenya futhi baxazulule noma yiziphi izinkinga.
Esinye isici esibalulekile okufanele sicatshangelwe i-latency. Ukubambezeleka kubhekisela esikhathini esisithathayo ukuze iphakethe ledatha lihambe lisuka kudivayisi yakho liye kuseva eliqhelile futhi ngokuphambene nalokho. Ukubambezeleka okuphezulu kungathinta kabi ikhwalithi yoxhumo lwakhoikakhulukazi uma udlala ku-inthanethi noma inkomfa ngevidiyo. Sebenzisa ithuluzi lokuhlola i-ping ukuze ulinganise ukubambezeleka ekuxhumekeni kwakho. Uma uhlangabezana nokubambezeleka okuphezulu okungaguquki, i-ISP yakho ingase ibe nenkinga yengqalasizinda noma yokuminyana kwenethiwekhi.. Kulokhu, ungacabanga ukushintsha umnikezeli wakho wesevisi ye-inthanethi.
9. Cabangela ukusebenzisa iseva ye-DNS yomphakathi
Iseva ye-DNS yomphakathi ingasheshisa kakhulu ulwazi lwakho lokuphequlula. Ngokungafani namaseva e-DNS azenzakalelayo ahlinzekwa Umhlinzeki Wesevisi Ye-inthanethi (ISP), amaseva e-DNS asesidlangalaleni aphethwe izinkampani noma izinhlangano ezizinikele kuphela ekuqinisekiseni uxhumano olusheshayo noluthembekile. Ngokushintshela kuseva ye-DNS yomphakathi, ungasebenzisa ingqalasizinda yayo ethuthukisiwe ukuze uthuthukise ukuxazululwa kwegama lesizinda futhi unciphise isikhathi sokulayisha ikhasi lewebhu.
Kunamaseva ambalwa asesidlangalaleni we-DNS ongacabanga ukuwasebenzisa. Enye edume kakhulu i-Google Public DNS, enikeza impendulo esheshayo kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezici ezithuthukile. Enye iseva ye-DNS yomphakathi edumile i-OpenDNS, ehlinzeka ngomuzwa wokuphequlula osheshayo nophephe kakhudlwana. Uma ukhetha iseva ye-DNS yomphakathi, kubalulekile ukucabangela indawo yendawo kanye nedumela lenkampani eyiphethe. Ungathola imiyalelo enemininingwane ku-inthanethi yokuthi ungazishintsha kanjani izilungiselelo ze-DNS ohlelweni lwakho lokusebenza noma umzila ukuze uqale ukusebenzisa iseva ye-DNS yomphakathi futhi ujabulele izinzuzo zayo.
Ngokungeziwe ekusebenziseni iseva ye-DNS yomphakathi, ungase futhi ucabangele ukusetha inqolobane yendawo ye-DNS kudivayisi yakho noma umzila. Inqolobane yasendaweni ye-DNS igcina imibuzo ye-DNS evame kakhulu enkumbulweni, evumela izimpendulo ezisheshayo kanye nokunciphisa isikhathi sokusesha i-inthanethi. Lesi silungiselelo singaba usizo ikakhulukazi uma unamadivayisi amaningi kunethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya futhi ufuna ukuthuthukisa isivinini sawo wonke. Ngokulungiselela i-DNS yenqolobane yendawo, ungaqhubeka uthuthukise ulwazi lwakho lokuphequlula ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi izicelo zokuxazulula igama lesizinda ziyasingathwa. ngempumelelo futhi usheshe kunethiwekhi yakho yendawo.
10. Njalo buyekeza i-firmware yerutha yakho
Ukuze I-inthanethi ihamba ngokushesha, kubalulekile ukuthi uqiniseke buyekeza njalo i-firmware yomzila wakho. I-Firmware isofthiwe elawula ukusebenza kwerutha yakho futhi iqukethe imiyalelo ebalulekile yokusebenza kwayo. Ngokuyibuyekeza, ungafinyelela ukuthuthukiswa kokuvikeleka nokusebenza okungcono, okuzokuvumela ukuthi usebenzise ngokugcwele uxhumano lwakho lwe-inthanethi.
Ukubuyekeza i-firmware yomzila wakho kuyinqubo elula futhi kungenza umehluko omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwenethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya. Hlola imodeli yerutha yakho futhi uvakashele iwebhusayithi kumkhiqizi ukuze uhlole izibuyekezo zakamuva ezitholakalayo. Landa ifayela elihambisanayo bese ulandela imiyalelo yomkhiqizi ukuze ufake i-firmware entsha kumzila wakho. Khumbula ukuthi kubalulekile ukulandela izinyathelo ngokucophelela futhi ungaphazamisi inqubo, njengoba lokhu kungase kubangele izinkinga kudivayisi.
Uma ubuyekeza i-firmware yomzila wakho, ungathola izici ezintsha nokuthuthukiswa kokuvikeleka lokho kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni uxhumano lwakho lwe-inthanethi. Ezinye izibuyekezo zingalungisa izinkinga zokuzinza, zithuthukise ukumbozwa kwesignali engenantambo, noma zinikeze ukuhambisana okukhulu namadivayisi abuyekeziwe. Ngokugcina irutha yakho ibuyekeziwe, uzoqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphezulu nokuvikelwa okuphumelelayo ezinsongweni ze-inthanethi.
Ngingu-Sebastián Vidal, unjiniyela wekhompyutha ozifelayo ngobuchwepheshe kanye ne-DIY. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngingumdali we tecnobits.com, lapho ngabelana khona ngezifundo zokwenza ubuchwepheshe bufinyeleleke kakhudlwana futhi buqonde wonke umuntu.