Ukulinganisa umfutho wegazi kuyinqubo yomtholampilo eyisisekelo yokuhlola impilo yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi yomuntu ngamunye. Ngokusebenzisa indlela yobuchwepheshe neqinile, kutholwa idatha enembile nethembekile evumela ukuhlonza izinguquko ezingaba khona kumfutho wegazi. Inhloso yalesi sihloko ukuhlaziya ngokujulile ukuthi ukukala komfutho wegazi kwenziwa kanjani, kugqanyiswe izindlela eziyinhloko ezisetshenziswa emisebenzini yezokwelapha futhi kugqanyiswe ukubaluleka kwalesi silinganiso ekutholeni nasekulawuleni izifo zenhliziyo. Qhubeka ufunda ukuze uhlole umhlaba othakazelisayo wokulinganisa umfutho wegazi futhi uqonde ukubaluleka kwawo ekuvimbeleni nasekulawuleni izifo zenhliziyo.
1. Isingeniso esilinganisweni somfutho wegazi
Ukulinganisa umfutho wegazi kuwumkhuba ovamile ekuhlolweni kwezokwelapha kweziguli. Umfutho wegazi uyisilinganiso samandla egazi elibhekene nezindonga zemithambo yegazi futhi kungaba inkomba yokuqala yezinkinga zenhliziyo. Kulesi sigaba, sizonikeza isingeniso esiningiliziwe sezindlela ezahlukene zokulinganisa umfutho wegazi.
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezimbili zomfutho wegazi: umfutho we-systolic nomfutho we-diastolic. Umfutho we-Systolic umele amandla amakhulu asetshenziswa igazi lapho inhliziyo ishaya futhi iphampa igazi emithanjeni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukucindezela kwe-diastolic ukucindezela okuncane emithanjeni lapho inhliziyo iphumule phakathi kokushaya.
Ukuze ulinganise umfutho wegazi ngokunembile, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-sphygmomanometer, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-blood pressure monitor. Lolu cingo luqukethe i-cuff ephefumulayo kanye negeji yokucindezela erekhoda ingcindezi. Isilinganiso senziwa ngokubeka i-cuff engalweni yesiguli bese uyivuthela kuze kufike lapho ukugeleza kwegazi kuma khona. Njengoba umoya ukhishwa kancane kancane ku-cuff, ingcindezi ye-systolic ne-diastolic irekhodwa ku-manometer, inikeza ukufundwa okunembile kwegazi.
2. Incazelo kanye nezimiso eziyisisekelo zomfutho wegazi
Umfutho wegazi ungamandla igazi elijikeleza ngawo emithanjeni yomzimba. Kuyinkomba ebalulekile yempilo yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi futhi ingathonywa yizici ezihlukahlukene. Ukuze uqonde kangcono lo mqondo, kuyadingeka ukuqonda izincazelo nezimiso eziyisisekelo.
Umfutho wegazi wenziwa izilinganiso ezimbili: i-systolic ne-diastolic. I-Systolic ingcindezi etholakala emithanjeni lapho inhliziyo ifinyela futhi ikhipha igazi, kuyilapho i-diastolic imelela umfutho lapho inhliziyo iphumule phakathi nokushaya. Iyunithi yokulinganisa yomfutho wegazi yimilimitha ye-mercury (mmHg).
Izimiso eziyisisekelo zomfutho wegazi zibalulekile ukuze uqonde kangcono ukubaluleka nokuphathwa kwawo. Ukugcina umfutho wegazi olinganiselayo kubalulekile ukuvimbela isifo senhliziyo nokugcina impilo yonke. Umfutho wegazi ophakeme, owaziwa ngokuthi yi-hypertension, ungafaka ukucindezeleka okwengeziwe enhliziyweni nasemithanjeni, okwandisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, unhlangothi kanye nesifo sezinso. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umfutho wegazi ophansi kakhulu, noma i-hypotension, ungabangela isiyezi, ubuthakathaka, nokuquleka.
3. Izindlela nezindlela ezisetshenziswa ukukala umfutho wegazi
Ukulinganisa umfutho wegazi kubalulekile ukuze kuhlolwe impilo yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi womuntu. Kunezindlela nezindlela ezahlukahlukene ezisetshenziselwa ukuthola izilinganiso ezinembile nezithembekile. Ezinye zazo zizochazwa ngezansi:
Indlela ye-Auscultatory: Le ndlela isebenzisa i-sphygmomanometer kanye ne-stethoscope ukukala umfutho wegazi. I-cuff ifakwa engalweni yesiguli bese ivuthwa kuze kube yilapho umthambo ucindezelwa. Umfutho ube usudedelwa kancane kancane futhi ukushaya kwenhliziyo kulalelwe nge-stethoscope. Ingcindezi lapho kuzwakala khona ukushaya kokuqala nokugcina kuhambisana ne-systolic ne-diastolic pressure, ngokulandelana.
Indlela ye-Oscillometric: Kule ndlela, kusetshenziswa i-automatic device ethola ama-oscillations odongeni i-arterial. Isiguli sibeka i-cuff engalweni futhi ngokucindezela inkinobho, idivayisi ivuthela i-cuff futhi irekhode ama-oscillations akhiqizwa ukuhamba kwegazi. Ngemuva kwemizuzwana embalwa, ikhombisa umphumela esikrinini sedijithali, okubonisa umfutho wegazi we-systolic ne-diastolic.
Indlela yePalpatory: Le ndlela ihilela ukuthatha i-radial pulse yesiguli ngenkathi ufutha futhi unciphisa i-cuff ye-sphygmomanometer. Njengoba incipha, linda kuze kube yilapho uzwa noma uzwa ukubuya kokushaya kwenhliziyo emthanjeni we-radial. Njengendlela ye-auscultatory, ingcindezi ebonakala ngayo okokuqala ngqa I-pulse ihambisana nokucindezela kwe-systolic, futhi ingcindezi lapho ukushaya kwenhliziyo kubonakala khona njalo kuhambisana nokucindezela kwe-diastolic.
4. Ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yedijithali ekukaleni umfutho wegazi
Imishini yedijithali iguqule indlela esikala ngayo umfutho wegazi. Lawa madivayisi aphathekayo, asebenziseka kalula anikeza enye indlela elula yezindlela zokulinganisa ezivamile. Ukusebenzisa idivayisi yedijithali ukukala umfutho wegazi, izinyathelo ezithile kufanele zilandelwe. izinyathelo ezibalulekile.
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi idivayisi ilinganiswe kahle. Lokhu Kungenziwa ukulandela imiyalelo yomkhiqizi nokwenza ukuhlola ukunemba kwedivayisi. Uma idivayisi isikaliwe, ungaqhubeka nokwenza ukulinganisa.
Ukuze ulinganise umfutho wegazi ngomshini wedijithali, yima endaweni enethezekile nengalo yakho yelulwe ezingeni lenhliziyo. Qiniseka ukuthi usendaweni ethule futhi awukenzi noma yikuphi ukuvivinya umzimba kwakamuva. Beka i-cuff yedivayisi engalweni yakho futhi uqiniseke ukuthi ilingana kahle. Vula idivayisi bese ulinda ukwehla kwamandla emali ku-cuff ukuze kuqedwe. Uma idivayisi isilungile, cindezela inkinobho yasekhaya bese ulinda umphumela ubonakale esikrinini. Khumbula ukuthatha izilinganiso eziningana ngezikhathi ezahlukene zosuku ukuze uthole ukufundwa okunembe kakhudlwana.
5. Ukubaluleka kwendawo efanele ye-cuff ekukaleni umfutho wegazi
Indawo efanele ye-cuff lapho kulinganiswa umfutho wegazi kubalulekile ukuze uthole imiphumela enembile nethembekile. Ukuma okuqondile kwe-cuff kuqinisekisa ukuthi umfutho wegazi ulinganiswa ngendlela efanele nokuthi amanani atholiwe amele umfutho wegazi wangempela wesiguli.
Ukuqinisekisa ukubekwa kahle kwe-cuff, kubalulekile ukulandela lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:
1. Ukukhetha usayizi wekhafu: Usayizi wekhafu kufanele uhambisane nosayizi wengalo yesiguli. I-cuff encane kakhulu ingaveza izilinganiso ezingalungile futhi i-cuff enkulu kakhulu inganikeza ukufundwa okuphansi kunokuvamile. Izilinganiso eziqondile ezinikezwe umenzi kufanele zicatshangelwe.
2. Indawo ye-Cuff: Beka i-cuff engalweni yesiguli, cishe u-2.5 cm ngaphezu komkhithi wendololwane. Qinisekisa ukuthi ishubhu elixhumayo ligxile emthanjeni we-brachial.
3. Ukulungisa i-cuff: Goqa i-cuff ngokuqinile engalweni, kodwa ungayiqinisi kakhulu. Kufanele kube nendawo eyanele yokushelela iminwe emibili phakathi kwengalo yesiguli kanye nekhafu. Qinisekisa ukuthi i-cuff isezingeni futhi imaphakathi.
Ukulandela lezi zinyathelo kuzoqinisekisa ukubekwa kwekhafu okufanele lapho kukala umfutho wegazi, okuholela ezilinganisweni ezinembe kakhudlwana nezithembekile. Ukwengeza, kuhle ukwenza ukuhlola okubukwayo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi i-cuff ibekwe ngendlela efanele ngaphambi kokuqala ukulinganisa. Khumbula ukuthi imiphumela yokukala umfutho wegazi ingase ihluke uma i-cuff ingafakwanga kahle, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukunaka lesi sici.
6. Amaphutha avamile angathinta ukunemba kokulinganisa umfutho wegazi
Ukukala umfutho wegazi okunembile kubaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongeni nasekuqapheni izifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Nokho, kunamaphutha amaningana avamile angathinta ukunemba kwezilinganiso ezinjalo. Kubalulekile ukugwema lawa maphutha ukuze uthole imiphumela ethembekile futhi wenze izinqumo ezifanele zezokwelapha. Ngezansi amanye amaphutha avame kakhulu nendlela yokuwalungisa:
1. Ingalo emiswe kabi: Iphutha elivamile ukungabeki ingalo ngendlela efanele ngesikhathi sokulinganisa. Ukuze uthole isilinganiso esinembile, ingalo yakho kufanele ibe sezingeni lenhliziyo. Qiniseka ukuthi ingalo yakho ikhululekile, isekelwe futhi ayimboziwe. Beka i-cuff engalweni yakho futhi uqiniseke ukuthi igxile phezu komthambo we-brachial. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukulinganisa okunembile.
2. I-cuff engalungile: Ukusebenzisa i-cuff kasayizi ongalungile kungase kuthinte ukunemba kwesilinganiso. Uma i-cuff incane kakhulu, amanani womfutho wegazi angase abe phezulu kunowangempela. Uma likhulu kakhulu, amanani angase abe ngaphansi. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-cuff kasayizi efanele ngokuya ngosayizi wengalo yesiguli. Xhumana nezincomo zomkhiqizi noma thintana nochwepheshe womfutho wegazi ukuze uthole usayizi wekhafu olungile.
3. Ukuntuleka kokuphumula okwanele: Kutuswa ukuthi isiguli siphumule okungenani imizuzu emi-5 ngaphambi kokukala umfutho wegazi. Ukucindezeleka noma umsebenzi womzimba ungathinta imiphumela futhi uholele ekulinganisweni okungalungile. Qiniseka ukuthi isiguli sisendaweni ezolile futhi ekhululekile ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nesilinganiso. Khumbula ukuthi kubalulekile ukugwema ukukhuluma ngesikhathi sokulinganisa, njengoba lokhu kungase kuthinte imiphumela.
7. Ichazwa kanjani imiphumela yokukala umfutho wegazi
Ukuchazwa kwemiphumela yokukala umfutho wegazi kubalulekile ukuze kuhlolwe impilo yomuntu yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Ngezansi kukhona amathiphu abalulekile nokucatshangelwa okufanele ukukhumbule lapho utolika le miphumela.
1. Isilinganiso somfutho wegazi
Kubalulekile ukukala umfutho wegazi ngendlela efanele usebenzisa i-sphygmomanometer kanye ne-stethoscope. Kunconywa ukulandela izinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Hlala endaweni enethezekile futhi ekhululekile.
- Beka ingalo yakho endaweni eyisicaba ezingeni lenhliziyo.
- Lungisa i-cuff ye-sphygmomanometer ezungeze ingalo yakho, uqinisekise ukuthi iqinile kodwa ayiqinile kakhulu.
- Gcoba i-radial pulse ngenkathi uvuthela kancane i-cuff ezingeni lokuqala lokucindezela.
- Beka i-stethoscope phezu komthambo we-brachial, ngaphansi nje kwe-cuff evuvukele.
- Yehlisa kancane i-cuff futhi ulalele imisindo ye-pulse ngenkathi uqopha i-systolic ne-diastolic pressure.
2. Ukuhunyushwa kwemiphumela
Lapho amanani womfutho wegazi we-systolic ne-diastolic esetholakele, kubalulekile ukwazi ububanzi obujwayelekile bokuhlolwa okufanele. Izigaba ezinconywe yi-World Health Organization (WHO) yilezi:
- Okuvamile: umfutho wegazi we-systolic ungaphansi kuka-120 mmHg kanye nomfutho wegazi we-diastolic ungaphansi kuka-80 mmHg.
- I-Prehypertension: umfutho wegazi we-systolic phakathi kuka-120-139 mmHg noma umfutho wegazi we-diastolic phakathi kuka-80-89 mmHg.
- Isigaba 1 somfutho wegazi ophezulu: umfutho wegazi we-systolic phakathi kuka-140-159 mmHg noma umfutho wegazi we-diastolic phakathi kuka-90-99 mmHg.
- I-Stage 2 hypertension: umfutho wegazi we-systolic omkhulu noma olingana no-160 mmHg noma umfutho wegazi we-diastolic omkhulu noma olingana no-100 mmHg.
3. Imiphumela nezincomo
Uma kwenzeka kutholakala imiphumela engaphandle kobubanzi obujwayelekile, kubalulekile ukubonana nodokotela ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okufanele kanye nohlelo lokwelapha. Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ongalawuleki ungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu kwezempilo, njengesifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, unhlangothi kanye nesifo sezinso.
Kunconywa ukwenza izilinganiso zomfutho wegazi njalo futhi ugcine irekhodi lemiphumela ukuze kube lula ukuqapha kanye nokubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezibalulekile. Ukwengeza, ukwamukela indlela yokuphila enempilo ehlanganisa ukudla okulinganiselayo, ukuvivinya umzimba njalo, nokulinganisela ophuzweni oludakayo nogwayi kungasiza ukugcina umfutho wegazi usezingeni elivamile.
8. Izigaba ezahlukene zamanani omfutho wegazi kanye nemithelela yawo
Izigaba ezahlukahlukene zamanani womfutho wegazi zinemithelela ebalulekile empilweni yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. I-Systolic blood pressure ibhekisela emandleni asetshenziswa igazi emithanjeni lapho inhliziyo ifinyela, kuyilapho umfutho wegazi we-diastolic uhambisana namandla asetshenziswa lapho inhliziyo ikhululeka phakathi kokushaya. Ukuhlanganisa lezi zindinganiso ezimbili kusinikeza isithombe esiphelele kakhulu sempilo yomuntu yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
Izigaba zamanani omfutho wegazi zihlukaniswa ngezigaba eziningana. Okokuqala, sinesigaba “somfutho wegazi ojwayelekile,” ochazwa njengomfutho we-systolic ongaphansi kuka-120 mmHg kanye nomfutho we-diastolic ongaphansi kuka-80 mmHg. Lona umgomo okufanele sonke siwuhlose futhi kuwuphawu lwempilo enhle yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
Okwesibili, kukhona isigaba "somfutho wegazi ophezulu" noma i-prehypertension. Kulesi sigaba, umfutho we-systolic uhluka phakathi kuka-120-129 mmHg kanti umfutho we-diastolic ungaphansi kuka-80 mmHg. Nakuba kungabhekwa njenge-hypertension ngokwayo, i-prehypertension iyisici esiyingozi sokuthuthukisa umfutho wegazi ophezulu esikhathini esizayo futhi idinga izinyathelo zokuvimbela ezifana nokuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila kanye nokuqapha umfutho wegazi ovamile.
Ekugcineni, kunesigaba “somfutho wegazi ophakeme,” esihlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu: umfutho wegazi ophezulu wezinga loku-1, umfutho wegazi ophakeme webanga lesi-2, kanye nenkinga yomfutho wegazi ophezulu. Ebangeni loku-1 lomfutho wegazi ophezulu, ingcindezi ye-systolic isukela phakathi kuka-130-139 mmHg noma ingcindezi ye-diastolic iphakathi kuka-80-89 mmHg. Ebangeni lesi-2 lomfutho wegazi ophakeme, umfutho we-systolic ulingana noma ungaphezu kuka-140 mmHg futhi umfutho we-diastolic ulingana noma mkhulu kuno-90 mmHg. Ekugcineni, inkinga yomfutho wegazi ophakeme yenzeka lapho umfutho wegazi ufinyelela emazingeni aphezulu kakhulu futhi udinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lezi zimiso zimane ziyinkomba nokuthi umuntu ngamunye kufanele asebenzisane nochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuze anqume inkambo engcono kakhulu yokusebenza ngokusekelwe emlandweni wabo wezempilo kanye nokwelashwa. Ukugcina amanani omfutho wegazi phakathi kwezigaba ezifanele kubalulekile ukuvimbela izifo zenhliziyo nokugcina a isimo esihle impilo jikelele.
9. Izinto ezingase zithinte ukunemba kwesilinganiso somfutho wegazi
Ukuze uzuze isilinganiso esinembile somfutho wegazi, kubalulekile ukucabangela izici ezihlukahlukene ezingathinta imiphumela. Enye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu indlela esetshenziswa ukwenza ukulinganisa. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-cuff ye-sphygmomanometer ibekwe ngendlela efanele eduze kwengalo, ezingeni lenhliziyo. Ukwengeza, kuyadingeka ukulandela imiyalelo yomkhiqizi ukuze uqinisekise ukufundwa okunembile.
Esinye isici esingathinta ukunemba kokulinganisa umfutho wegazi isimo esingokomzwelo sesiguli. Ukukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka noma ukwesaba kungabangela ukusabela komzimba okwenyusa umfutho wegazi okwesikhashana. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthi isiguli sikhululeke futhi sizolile ngaphambi kokuthatha isilinganiso.
Kubalulekile futhi ukucabangela indawo lapho isilinganiso senziwa khona. Izinga lokushisa elizungezile, isibonelo, lingathinta i-viscosity yegazi futhi, ngenxa yalokho, libe nomthelela emiphumeleni etholiwe. Ngakho-ke, kuhle ukufeza ukulinganisa ekamelweni elinokushisa okulawulwayo. Ukwengeza, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingalo yesiguli isekelwe endaweni eyisicaba futhi akukho ukuphazamiseka kwangaphandle okungathinta ukunemba kwesilinganiso.
10. Izinkomba nezincomo zokulinganisa umfutho wegazi ngokunembile
Ukulinganisa umfutho wegazi ngokunembile kubalulekile ukuze kuqashwe impilo yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Lapha sikunikeza izinkomba nezincomo ukuze ukwazi ukwenza lesi silinganiso ngokunembile:
1. Khetha isikhathi esifanele: Umfutho wegazi ungahluka usuku lonke, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuwuthatha ngesikhathi lapho uphumule futhi ungazange wenze imisebenzi yakamuva yomzimba. Zama ukugwema ukudla, i-caffeine noma ugwayi okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokulinganisa.
2. Lungisa imishini efanele: Uzodinga isiqapha somfutho wegazi, okungcono kakhulu idijithali, esinekhafu yosayizi ofanele ingalo yakho. Qiniseka ukuthi ibhethri ishajiwe futhi nesongo sinamathiselwe ngendlela efanele.
3. Landela lezi zinyathelo ukuze ulinganise:
- Hlala esihlalweni esine-backrest, izinyawo zakho zibheke phansi futhi ingalo yakho ibekwe phezu kwetafula elisezingeni lenhliziyo.
- Beka isongo engalweni yakho, uyilungise ukuze ibe ngaphezu kwendololwane.
- Vula imonitha yomfutho wegazi bese ukhetha imodi yokulinganisa efanele.
- Cindezela inkinobho ukuze uqale ukulinganisa. Hlala uthule futhi uthule phakathi nenqubo.
- Funda futhi urekhode amanani we-systolic (inombolo ephezulu kakhulu) kanye ne-diastolic (inombolo ephansi) evela esikrinini.
Uma isilinganiso sesenziwe, kubalulekile ukuhumusha imiphumela ngokuvumelana namanani ereferensi asungulwe ochwepheshe bezempilo. Khumbula ukuthi lezi zinyathelo ziwumhlahlandlela oyisisekelo kuphela futhi, uma ungabaza noma uma udinga ukulinganisa okunembe kakhudlwana, kuyancomeka ukuthi uxhumane nochwepheshe. Nakekela impilo yakho yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi futhi ugcine umfutho wegazi wakho ulawulwa!
11. Amathuluzi nemishini esetshenziswa ukukala umfutho wegazi
Kunezimbalwa, ezibalulekile ukuze uthole imiphumela enembile nethembekile. Okulandelayo, sizohlukanisa amathuluzi ayinhloko asetshenziswe ku le nqubo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo ngendlela efanele.
1. I-Sphynxmanometer: eyaziwa nangokuthi imonitha yomfutho wegazi, iyithuluzi eliyinhloko lokulinganisa umfutho wegazi. Iqukethe i-cuff ephefumulayo, igeji yokucindezela ukuze ifunde ukucindezela, ne-rubber bulb noma i-bulb yokufutha i-cuff. I-cuff ibekwa ngasengalweni futhi ivuthelwe umoya kuze kunqanyulwe ukugeleza kwegazi emithanjeni. Ibe seyehliswa kancane kancane ngenkathi iqapha ukufundwa kugeji yokucindezela.
2. I-Stethoscope: iyithuluzi lokho kusetshenziswa kanye ne-sphygmomanometer futhi ibekwe phezu komthambo we-brachial ukulalela imisindo ekhiqizwa ukugeleza kwegazi. Lokhu kuzosiza ekunqumeni umfutho wegazi we-systolic ne-diastolic. I-stethoscope inezingxenye ezimbili: izindlebe, ezibekwe ezindlebeni zikadokotela, kanye ne-diaphragm noma insimbi, ebekwe phezu komthambo.
12. Ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile kokulinganisa umfutho wegazi emaqenjini athile (izingane, abesifazane abakhulelwe, abantu abadala, njll.)
Ukulinganisa umfutho wegazi emaqenjini athile, njengezingane, abantu abakhulelwe, nasebekhulile, kudinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile ukuze kutholakale imiphumela enembile nethembekile. Ngezansi eminye imihlahlandlela ebalulekile okufanele uyikhumbule lapho ukala umfutho wegazi kulawa maqembu:
1. Izingane:
– Sebenzisa ikhabethe elilingana nengalo yengane. Qinisekisa ukuthi i-cuff ibekwe ngendlela efanele futhi ivikelwe ngokuqinile kodwa ayicinene kakhulu.
– Uma kungenzeka, yazisa ingane ngenqubo ngaphambi kokulinganisa. Chaza kalula nangokucacile ukuthi kuzokwenzekani ngesikhathi sokulinganisa ukusiza ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka.
– Hlola ukuthi ingane ikhululekile futhi isesimweni esihle ngaphambi kokuqala ukulinganisa.
- Thatha izilinganiso ezimbalwa ukuze uthole isilinganiso esinembe kakhudlwana, ikakhulukazi ezimeni zezibalo ezingajwayelekile.
2. Okhulelwe:
– Sebenzisa i-cuff yosayizi enkudlwana ukuze uvumelane nokuzungeza kwengalo yowesifazane okhulelwe, njengoba kungase kukhule usayizi ngenxa yokukhulelwa.
- Kubalulekile ukuthi owesifazane okhulelwe abe sesimweni esihle, okungcono ukuhlala, nengalo yakhe ikhululekile futhi isekelwe. Gwema ukucindezelwa kwesisu.
– Khumbula ukuthi izinombolo zomfutho wegazi zingahluka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Xhumana nodokotela ukuze uthole izilinganiso ezijwayelekile zomfutho wegazi phakathi nalesi sigaba.
3. Abantu abadala:
- Qinisekisa ukuthi i-cuff esetshenzisiwe ifanele usayizi wengalo yomuntu omdala. Gwema imibimbi ku-cuff futhi uqiniseke ukuthi ibekwe ezingeni lenhliziyo.
- Abanye abantu abadala bangase babe nobunzima bokunganyakazi ngesikhathi sokulinganisa. Uma kunesidingo, basize bangene endaweni enethezekile, ekhululekile ngaphambi kokuba uqale.
- Khumbula ukuthi izinombolo zomfutho wegazi zingathinteka yizifo noma izimo ezingapheli ezivamile kubantu asebekhulile, njengomfutho wegazi ophezulu noma isifo sikashukela. Landela njalo futhi uthintane nodokotela uma kukhona ukukhathazeka.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula lezi zinto ezikhethekile lapho ukala umfutho wegazi emaqenjini athile. Ngokulandela le mihlahlandlela, ungathola isilinganiso esinembe kakhudlwana nesithembekile, esizosiza ukuhlola nokuqapha impilo ngempumelelo.
13. Iqhaza le-ambulensi yokulinganisa umfutho wegazi ekuxilongeni nasekuqaphelweni kwezifo zenhliziyo
I-Ambulatory blood pressure measurement (ABPM) idlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlonzweni nasekuqaphelweni kwezifo zenhliziyo. Le ndlela ivumela ukuhlolwa okunembe kakhudlwana nokuphelele kwamazinga omfutho wegazi usuku lonke, okuhlanganisa ukuhluka okwenzeka phakathi nemisebenzi yansuku zonke nokulala.
I-ABPM yenziwa kusetshenziswa idivayisi ephathekayo erekhoda ngokuzenzakalelayo umfutho wegazi phakathi izikhawu ezijwayelekile ngesikhathi se Amahora ama-24. Ngalesi sikhathi, isiguli singakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yaso evamile futhi silale ngokujwayelekile, sinikeze umbono wesimo saso somfutho wegazi.
Ulwazi oluqoqwe ngesikhathi se-ABPM lwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlonza amaphethini omfutho wegazi ongavamile, njengomfutho wegazi ophakeme, nokuhlola ukusebenza kokwelashwa okukhona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ABPM ingasiza ekutholeni izifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ezinyathelweni zokuqala, lapho izimpawu zingakabonakali, kube lula ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokuqaliswa kwezinyathelo zokuvimbela nokwelapha.
14. Izitayela ezintsha kanye nentuthuko esilinganisweni somfutho wegazi
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kuye kwaba nentuthuko eminingana ephawulekayo endleleni umfutho wegazi okalwa ngayo. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kuye kwavumela ukunemba okukhulu nokwethembeka esilinganisweni, okuye kwaholela ekulawuleni kangcono umfutho wegazi ophezulu kanye nokunciphisa izingozi ezihlobene.
Enye yezindlela ezintsha zokukala umfutho wegazi ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yedijithali. Lawa madivaysi asebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuphambili ukukala umfutho wegazi ngokunembile nangokushesha. Ezinye zazo zize zikwazi ukugcina nokuthumela idatha ngohlelo lokusebenza lweselula, okwenza ukulandelela isikhathi eside kube lula.
Okunye ukuthuthukiswa okubalulekile ukuthuthukiswa kwezindlela ezingezona ezihlaselayo zokukala umfutho wegazi. Lezi zindlela azidingi ukufakwa kwezinaliti noma ukusetshenziswa kwe-inflatable cuffs, okwenza kube buhlungu futhi kukhululekile ezigulini. Ezinye zalezi zindlela zihlanganisa ukusebenzisa izinzwa ze-optical noma ze-ultrasound ukuze kukale umfutho wegazi ngokunembile nangaphandle kokuhlasela.
Ngamafuphi, baguqula indlela okulawulwa ngayo umfutho wegazi ophezulu. Ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yedijithali nezindlela ezingahlanyisi kuye kwathuthukisa ukunemba nokuba lula kokulinganisa, okubuye kwaholela ekulawuleni izifo kangcono. Le ntuthuko iyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekuvimbeleni nasekwelapheni umfutho wegazi ophakeme, futhi inikeza amathuba amasha okuthuthukisa impilo yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
Sengiphetha, ukukala umfutho wegazi kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuhloleni impilo yomuntu yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Kuyinqubo yezokwelapha elula kodwa ebalulekile ekuvumela ukuthi ubone ukuphambuka okungenzeka kumanani avamile womfutho wegazi futhi ikunikeze ulwazi olubalulekile ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa nokuhlela ukwelashwa okufanele.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi umfutho wegazi akufanele uthathwe kalula, ngoba amanani aphezulu angaba yinkomba yezifo ezinkulu zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi njengomfutho wegazi ophakeme. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umfutho wegazi ophansi ungaholela ezimpawu zesiyezi nobuthakathaka.
Ukukala umfutho wegazi ngendlela efanele, izinkomba ezithile neziqondiso ezisungulwe ochwepheshe bezempilo kufanele zilandelwe. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-sphygmomanometer efanelekile futhi ulandele inqubo ngokunembile, uqinisekise ukufundwa okuthembekile.
Ukulinganisa umfutho wegazi sekufinyeleleke kakhulu ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obusha, obufana nengalo yedijithali noma iziqaphi zomfutho wegazi wengalo. Lezi zisetshenziswa zenza kube lula ukuqapha umfutho wegazi lakho njalo. ekhaya, enikeza ukunethezeka okukhulu kanye nokunethezeka kweziguli.
Kafushane, ukuqonda ukuthi umfutho wegazi ulinganiswa kanjani kubalulekile ekugcineni impilo enhle yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Ukulinganisa okuvamile nokunembile komfutho wegazi kusivumela ukuthi sibone izinkinga ezingaba khona kusenesikhathi futhi sithathe izinyathelo ezifanele zokuvimbela noma zokwelapha. Uma unemibuzo noma okukukhathazayo, kubalulekile ukubonana nochwepheshe bezempilo, ozokwazi ukukunikeza isiqondiso esiqondile nemihlahlandlela yokuqapha nokulawula umfutho wegazi.
Ngingu-Sebastián Vidal, unjiniyela wekhompyutha ozifelayo ngobuchwepheshe kanye ne-DIY. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngingumdali we tecnobits.com, lapho ngabelana khona ngezifundo zokwenza ubuchwepheshe bufinyeleleke kakhudlwana futhi buqonde wonke umuntu.