Amarobhothi e-Humanoid: phakathi kokugxuma kwezobuchwepheshe, ukuzibophezela kwezempi, nokungabaza kwemakethe

Ngasikhathi sinye, ingxoxo ivula izindaba ezibanzi: ukutshalwa kwezimali, ukusetshenziswa komphakathi kanye nezempi, kanye nemikhawulo yokuphepha nezimiso zokuziphatha. Le cocktail, exuba amandla obuchwepheshe nezixwayiso zochwepheshe, isishiya ne-panorama lapho ikusasa humanoids Kuzwakala kuseduze, kodwa kunezicucu eziningi ezisazohlangana.

Ukweqa kobuchwepheshe: i-Unitree G1 kanye nemodi yayo ethi "Antigravity".

Ividiyo yakamuva ye-Unitree ibonisa "ukuhlolwa kobudlova" lapho opharetha abambalwa bekhahlela futhi bephusha i-G1 ngaphandle kokungabaza; naphezu kwemithelela, irobhothi ligcina ibhalansi yalo, liyanyakaza ngokwanele, futhi ululama ukuma ngesivinini esimangalisayoInkampani ithi ijubane levidiyo alishintshiwe futhi i-G1 isukuma cishe ngesekhondi elilodwa noma amabili.

Ngaphandle kokumelana, bayaziswa i-acrobatics, i-mid-air spins kanye nokunyakaza okuphefumulelwe ukulwa ezivivinya ukulawula kwazo okunamandla. Inkundla yokuhlola ebonwa kuvidiyo isekelwe ku-Unitree G1, ene-degrees yenkululeko engu-23, cishe amakhilogremu angu-35 ngesisindo namamitha angu-1,32 ubude, ukucushwa okuwukuthi ikuvumela ukuthi wenze izinyathelo ezisheshayo, ugibele izindawo ezingalingani futhi manipular objetos ngezandla ezineminwe emithathu.

Isihluthulelo sokulawula sisekuboneni: uhlelo inhlanganisela amakhamera ajulile nezinzwa ze-LiDAR ukuqonda imvelo nokuhlela ukunyakazaInkampani ngokwayo igcizelela ukuthi lokhu kuyimiboniso endaweni elawulwayo futhi akufanele iphindwe; akuyona into encane ukuxhumanisa amandla anjalo nokunemba ngaphandle kokubeka labo abaseduze kwakho engcupheni.

Ngokwezinga elingokoqobo, le yunithi iqondiswe ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni futhi isizibonakalise ngokwasekhaya emisebenzini yohlobo "lomgadli". Kukhona ngisho amadivaysi ukuthi, ngaphansi kwama-$6.000, Benza ama-somersaults kanye nezinye izivivinyo ezithuthukisiwe zokuhamba, uphawu lokuthi umgoqo wezobuchwepheshe wokungena usuqala ukwehla., nakuba kunama-nuances mayelana nokuthembeka, izindleko kanye nokusebenziseka kwangempela.

I-China iyashesha: isuka ezimbonini iye ezifisweni zezempi

Ngasohlangothini lwezombangazwe kanye nezimboni, iChina ilungiselela ukuthunyelwa okunebhongo kusukela ngo-2025, ngombono wokwethula amarobhothi e-AI angaphezu kwesigidi ezindaweni ezisukela ekhaya kanye nezokuthutha kuya ezibhedlela nasezindaweni zokukhiqiza. Lokhu push kuyinto inothi kakade kumaphrojekthi okuhlola kanye ne-in imicimbi yombukiso wezobuchwepheshe.

Ubukhulu bezempi nawo abushiywanga ngaphandle. I-athikili ku-People's Liberation Army Daily iveza ukuthi ama-humanoid angahlanganisa "ukuguquguquka kweqhinga kanye nokuvimbela amasu" ezimweni zempi ezihlakaniphile, ngenxa yabo. isakhiwo se-bionic kanye nekhono lokuzivumelanisa nezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi njengamanxiwa noma izitebhisi.

Izibonelo ezifana ne-Tien Kung Ultra, i-humanoid engamamitha angu-1,8 ewine ingxenye yokuqala yemarathon yamarobhothi obubanjelwe eBeijing, zibalulwe njengobufakazi bokuthi idizayini ye-bipedal isiza ukuzulazula, okuthile okubalulekile lapho ucabanga ngemisebenzi yokuhlenga noma amathiyetha anengxabano.

Osomaqhinga baseShayina bayacabanga ukwakheka okuxubile namasosha, ama-humanoid namaqembu azimele: amarobhothi lawo ukunikeza ukwesekwa ekuhambeni kanye nokudubula, o incluso yenza njengama-decoys ukuze uphambukise umlilo wesithaLokhu okubizwa ngokuthi "isigodi esingaqondakali" kuyashiwo futhi, umphumela ongase ube nomthelela ovimbelayo lapho ubhekene nemishini eseduze nabantu.

Izimiso zokuziphatha, umthetho, kanye nombono wamarobhothi abulalayo

Akuwona wonke umuntu owabelana ngalo mdlandla. Kumagazini ofanayo we-EPL, ababhali abathathu -U-Yuan Yi, uMa Ye no-Yue Shiguang-uxwayise ngokuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-humanoid ngokujwayelekile ekulweni kungaholela ukufa ngengozi nokubulawa ngokungakhethi, enemiphumela engokomthetho nesihlamba sokuziphatha okunzima ukusilawula.

Isiphakamiso sakhe esokuqinisa ucwaningo lwezimiso zokuziphatha kanye nezomthetho, kanye lawula futhi ubeke imingcele ukusetshenziswa kwama-humanoid ezimeni zempi ngenkathi ubuchwepheshe buvuthwa. Bagcizelela ukuthi ukuqonda kwalezi zinkundla kuhlala "kusewusana," nokuhlola okwanele kanye nengozi yokulahlekelwa ukulawula uma kwenziwa okuningi.

Ukutshalwa kwezimali, okulindelwe kanye namazwi abalulekile

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuxhaswa ngezimali kwangasese kuyaqhubeka ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa. Startups como Umfanekiso noma i-Apptronik ihehe amakhulu ezigidi zamaRandi nezintshisekelo ezivela ezinkampanini ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe, ngokubambisana okuhloswe ukuhlanganisa i-hardware yesizukulwane esilandelayo kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa obuthuthukisiwe. I Ukulandisa okuvelele kuthembisa ama-humanoid ezimbonini, emahhovisi, futhi ekugcineni nasemakhaya..

Kodwa elinye lamagama ahlonishwa kakhulu kumarobhothi, Rodney Brooks (umsunguli we-iRobot kanye noprofesa wangaphambili e-MIT), unxusa ukuqapha. Ngokubona kwakhe, "kuyiphupho" ukucabanga ukuthi amarobhothi azofunda ubuciko bezandla ngokubuka amavidiyo: isandla somuntu sigxile nxazonke. 17.000 touch receptors futhi asikho isizindalwazi esilinganayo esivumela ukuphindaphinda lokho kulunga esikhathini esifushane.

UBrooks uphinde uxwayise nge-engeli okuxoxwe ngayo kancane: ukuphepha ngokomzimbaUkuhlala uqondile kudinga amandla amaningi, futhi lapho i-humanoid iwa, lawo mandla akhululwa ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngokuphinda kabili ubukhulu, uyabala, aphindaphinde amandla angaba yingozi ekwindla ngesishiyagalombili; nge-pure physics, Irobhothi elikhulu lingaba yingozi ezindaweni ezingalawuleki.

Kuye, indlela ewusizo kakhulu esikhathini esimaphakathi iwukudlula imishini enamasondo, izingalo eziningi, nezinzwa ezikhethekile, eyenzelwe imisebenzi ethile futhi ingabukeki njengathi. Leyo, "Abantu bensimbi" abambalwa namathuluzi asebenza kahle, asebenza kahle, naphephile.

Ucwaningo lwakamuva olwenziwe yinhlangano ye-METR lwengeza ama-nuances kokulindelwe mayelana ne-AI: nakuba Onjiniyela bakholelwa ukuthi basebenza ngokushesha okungu-20% ngenkathi besebenzisa lawa mathuluzi, kodwa bagcine behamba kancane ngo-19% ezivivinyweni ezilawulwayo.Idatha efana nale isiza ukulungisa ithemba libe ngokoqobo lokusebenza.

Bazofika nini ekhaya? Imakethe esaqhubeka

Ngaphambili kwezentengiselwano, ukuthunyelwa kwangempela kuhlala kulinganiselwe futhi kulingwa kakhulu. I-Bank of America ilinganisela lokho cishe 18.000 amayunithi humanoid kulo nyaka kakade kuyindlela yokukhula, ezimeni zokuvelela, engafinyelela kumarobhothi ayibhiliyoni ngo-2050. Lezi izibalo zamashumi eminyaka ezayo, hhayi zokuvuthwa ngokushesha.

I-China, ngakolunye uhlangothi, itshala imali eningi ukuze yakhe imakethe engakatholakali, inethemba lokuthi I-AI izoxazulula ukuzimela, ukwethembeka kanye nokusetshenziswa njengoba ikhula. Namuhla, lesi sithembiso sihambisana nemikhawulo yezobuchwepheshe kanye nezindleko zokusebenza ezisikhuthaza ukuthi siqhubekele phambili ngokucophelela.

Emkhakheni wokubonakala komphakathi, kubanjwa imicimbi efana neyakamuva I-Humanoid Robot Olympics e-China, nemibukiso yezimboni nezemidlalo. I-Beijing iphakamise amarobhothi e-humanoid ukuze abekwe eqhulwini kuhulumeni njengoba ihlose ukuhola "inguquko elandelayo yezobuchwepheshe" ngemva komakhalekhukhwini nezimoto zikagesi.

Isithombe esivelayo sihlanganisa intuthuko ephawulekayo (icala le-G1), ukuzibophezela okubalulekile kombuso kanye nezimboni, kanye nenkulumo-mpikiswano yezobuchwepheshe nezimiso ezingenakunakwa; ngalezi zici, ama-humanoids athola amandla, kodwa ukwamukelwa kwayo ngobuningi kuzoncika ekutheni ukuphepha, ubuciko kanye nenani langempela kuxazululwa kanjani ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke.