Indlela I-Amplifier Esebenza Ngayo

I-amplifier iyisisetshenziswa esibalulekile emkhakheni wezogesi kanye nobuchwepheshe bomsindo esifeza umsebenzi obalulekile wokukhulisa isignali kagesi ukuze kwandiswe amandla ayo kanye nokuqinisekisa ukukhiqizwa kabusha komsindo okwanele. Ngamagama obuchwepheshe, i-amplifier isifunda se-elekthronikhi esebenzisa izingxenye ezihlukene nezindlela zokukhulisa ukukhulisa ubukhulu besiginali yokufaka. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi i-amplifier isebenza kanjani, sihlaziya ukwakheka kwayo kwangaphakathi, izimiso zokukhulisa ezisetshenziswayo kanye nobuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene obusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwayo. Uma ufuna ukujula emhlabeni ohehayo wokukhulisa isignali futhi uthole ukuthi lezi zisetshenziswa ziwaguqula kanjani amasiginali abuthaka abe imisindo enamandla, qhubeka funda!

1. Isingeniso ekusebenzeni kwe-amplifier

Inhloso yalesi sigaba ukuhlinzeka ngesethulo esinemininingwane mayelana nokusebenza kwe-amplifier. Kuzocutshungulwa imiqondo eyisisekelo yokuthi i-amplifier isebenza kanjani, kanye nezingxenye ezibalulekile ezakhayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izibonelo ezisebenzayo namathiphu awusizo azonikezwa ukuze kuqondwe kangcono ukuthi kusebenza kanjani.

I-amplifier iyisisetshenziswa se-elekthronikhi esikhulisa ukuphakama kwesignali yokufaka. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kuthatha isignali ebuthakathaka futhi ikhulise ukuze ibe namandla ngokwanele amandla amanye amadivayisi, njengezipikha noma izimpondo. Ama-amplifiers asetshenziswa ezimbonini ezihlukene, kusukela kwezomculo nezokuzijabulisa kuya kwezokuxhumana ngocingo kanye nama-electronics abathengi.

Ukusebenza okuyisisekelo kwe-amplifier kusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwama-transistors, okungamadivayisi kagesi we-semiconductor. Ama-Transistors angakwazi ukusebenza njengamaswishi alawulwa isignali yokufaka, evumela isignali yokufaka encane ukulawula isignali enkulu yokukhipha. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-amplifiers, ezifana nekilasi A, isigaba B kanye nezikhulisamandla zekilasi AB, ngasinye sinezici ezithile ezibenza bafanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukene.

2. Izingxenye ezibalulekile zeamplifier

I-amplifier iyisisetshenziswa sikagesi lokho kusetshenziswa ukwandisa amplitude isignali kagesi. Ukuze kufezeke lo msebenzi, i-amplifier iqukethe izingxenye ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ezisebenza ndawonye ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi namandla esignali yokufaka.

Enye yezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-amplifier yi-transistor, enesibopho sokukhulisa isignali. Ama-amplifiers angasebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-transistors, njenge-bipolar noma i-field effect transistors, kuye ngezici nezidingo ze-amplifier.

Enye ingxenye eyisisekelo ukunikezwa kwamandla, okunikeza amandla adingekayo ekusebenzeni kwe-amplifier. Lokhu kunikezwa kwamandla kungaba ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle, futhi kufanele kunikeze i-voltage efanelekile kanye neyamanje ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ze-amplifier. Ukwengeza, ama-capacitor nama-rectifiers angasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yesignali.

3. Umgomo wokukhulisa izikhulisamazwi

Omunye wemiqondo eyisisekelo ekusebenzeni kwama-amplifier umgomo wokukhulisa umsindo. Lesi simiso sithi isignali yokufaka yanda ngamandla noma i-amplitude ngokusebenzisa izingxenye ezithile ze-elekthronikhi. Ama-amplifiers asetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza, kusukela kumasistimu omsindo kuya kwezokuxhumana.

Ama-amplifiers akhiwe ngezinto ezibalulekile ezimbalwa, njengama-transistors, ama-resistors, nama-capacitor. Lezi zingxenye zisebenza ndawonye ukuze zikhulise isignali yokufaka. Okokuqala, isignali yokufaka isetshenziswa ku-transistor, esebenza njenge-switch elawulwa yi-voltage. Njengoba isignali yokufaka ihlukahluka, i-transistor ishintsha ukumelana kwayo nogesi ukuze ikhulise isignali.

Esinye isici esibalulekile ekukhuliseni ukuzuza kwe-amplifier, okubonisa isici lapho isignali yokufaka ikhuliswa. Inzuzo ingabalwa ngokuhlukanisa amandla okukhiphayo ngamandla okufaka. Ama-amplifiers ahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezahlukene ngokuya ngenzuzo yawo kanye nezici ezithile, njengezikhulisamandla, izikhulisamsindo ezisebenzayo, kanye nezikhulisi zefrikhwensi yomsakazo. Ngayinye yazo inezinhlelo zayo nezici ezithile.

4. Izinhlobo zama-amplifiers kanye nokwehluka kwazo ekusebenzeni

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-amplifiers asetshenziswa kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ze-elekthronikhi ezihlukahlukene, ngayinye enezici ezithile nemisebenzi. Ngezansi sizochaza ezinye ze-amplifiers ezivame kakhulu kanye nokwehluka kwazo ekusebenzeni.

1. Isikhulisi samandla: Lolu hlobo lwe-amplifier lusetshenziselwa ukukhulisa amandla esignali yomsindo noma yomsakazo. Isetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zomsindo, kuma-radio transmitters nasezinhlelweni lapho kudingeka khona amandla amakhulu esignali.

2. Isikhulisi Esisebenzayo: Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Op-Amp, iyisisetshenziswa se-electronic amplifier esisetshenziswa kumasekhethi esignali ye-analog. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukukhulisa umehluko ongaba khona phakathi kokufaka okubili. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlelweni ezinjengama-amplifiers, izihlungi, iziqhathanisi nama-oscillator.

3. Ikilasi A, Ikilasi B kanye Nesikhulisamazwi Sekilasi AB: Lezi zikhulisi zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zomsindo. Isikhulisi sekilasi A siwumugqa kakhulu futhi sisebenzisa amandla engeziwe, kuyilapho isikhulisi sekilasi B sisebenza kahle kakhulu kodwa sethula ukuhlanekezela okuthile kusiginali. I-amplifier yekilasi AB iyinhlanganisela yakho kokubili, enikeza ukuvumelana phakathi komugqa nokusebenza kahle.

5. Ukucubungula isignali ku-amplifier

Lesi yisigaba esibalulekile ekuthuthukisweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwamasignali kagesi. Kulesi sigaba, sizohlola izinyathelo ezihlukene ezihilelekile ekucubunguleni isignali ukuze sithuthukise ukuphuma kwe-amplifier. Ngokusebenzisa izifundo, amathiphu asebenzayo kanye nezibonelo, uzothola ukuqonda okujulile kokuthi ungasondela kanjani futhi xazulula le nkinga ngempumelelo.

Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqonda izinto eziyisisekelo zokucubungula isignali. Lokhu kuhilela ukutholwa, ukuhlunga, ukukhuliswa nokuguqulwa kwesignali engenayo. Kumelwe sigxile ekukhetheni okufanele kwezingxenye kanye namasu okuklama ukuze siqinisekise isignali efanele. Kubalulekile futhi ukwazi izici nemikhawulo ye-amplifier esiyisebenzisayo, kanye nemininingwane yesekethe ehlanganisiwe ehlobene.

Isici esibalulekile sokucubungula isignali ukuhlaziya isignali yokufaka nokuthola noma yikuphi ukuhlanekezela noma umsindo ongadingeki. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amathuluzi okulingisa kanye nesofthiwe ekhethekile angasetshenziswa, okwenza kube lula ukuhlonza nokulungiswa kwezinkinga ezingase zibe khona. Kuyatuseka futhi ukusebenzisa amasu okusampula afanele futhi wenze izilinganiso ezinembile ukuze uhlole ikhwalithi yesignali futhi ulungise imingcele ye-amplifier ngokufanele.

6. Indima yama-transistors esigabeni sokukhulisa

Ama-Transistors adlala indima ebalulekile esigabeni sokukhulisa isekethe ye-elekthronikhi. Zingamadivaysi e-semiconductor avumela isignali kagesi ukuthi ikhuliswe, ikhulise ukuphakama kwayo namandla. Kulesi sigaba, ama-transistors asebenza njengamaswishi alawulwa isignali yokokufaka, okuvumela okwamanje ukuthi kugeleze futhi kukhiqize isignali yokukhipha ekhulisiwe.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-transistors asetshenziswa esigabeni sokukhulisa, njengama-bipolar transistors kanye nama-transistors we-field effect (FET). Uhlobo ngalunye lunezici ezithile ezibenza bafanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene. Ama-Bipolar transistors, ngokwesibonelo, alungele ukukhulisa amasignali amaza aphansi, kuyilapho ama-FET esebenza kahle kakhulu ekukhuliseni amasignali amaza aphezulu.

Inzuzo ebalulekile yama-transistors esigabeni sokukhulisa amandla abo okunikeza inzuzo. Inzuzo ye-transistor isilinganiso phakathi kwe-amplitude yesiginali yokuphumayo kanye ne-amplitude yesiginali yokufaka. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngama-transistors kungenzeka ukwandisa amandla esiginali kagesi, okubalulekile ezinhlelweni eziningi, njengokukhulisa umsindo ezinhlelweni zomsindo noma ukukhulisa isignali emishinini yokuxhumana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-transistors avumela i-amplitude yesiginali yokuphumayo ukuthi ilawulwe, inikeze ukuguquguquka nokunemba ekwakhiweni kwamasekethe amplifier.

7. Izimpahla zamandla kuma-amplifiers kanye nomthelela wazo ekusebenzeni

Izimpahla zikagesi kuma-amplifiers zidlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwale mishini kagesi. Lezi zinsiza zikagesi zinikeza amandla adingekayo ukuze izikhulisa-zwi zikhulise futhi zicubungule amasiginali omsindo. ngempumelelo. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi lezi zinsizakusebenza zikagesi zisebenza kanjani nokuthi zingakuthonya kanjani ukusebenza okuphelele kwama-amplifiers.

Okunye okucatshangelwayo okubalulekile lapho ukhetha ukunikezwa kwamandla kwe-amplifier yikhono lokuhlinzeka ngogesi ozinzile, ongaguquki. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma usebenzisa ama-amplifiers aphezulu, njengoba adinga inani elikhulu lamandla ukuze asebenze kahle. Ukunikezwa kwamandla okumpofu noma okungazinzile kungabangela ukushintshashintsha kokuphumayo kwesikhulisi, okuholela kukhwalithi yomsindo empofu noma okubi nakakhulu, ukulimala ezingxenyeni ze-amplifier.

Esinye isici okufanele sicatshangelwe yisici sempendulo yesikhashana sokuphakelwa kwamandla. Lesi sici sisho amandla okunikezwa kwamandla okuphendula ngokushesha ekuhlukeni kwesidingo samanje se-amplifier. Ukunikezwa kwamandla okuphendula okwesikhashana okuphezulu kungajwayela ngokushesha izinguquko kusignali yokufaka ye-amplifier, iqinisekise ukukhiqizwa kabusha komsindo okucacile, okungahlanekezeli. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukunikezwa kwamandla okuphendula okufushane okuphansi kungabangela ukuhlanekezela kusiginali yokuphumayo, kuthinte ikhwalithi yomsindo okhiqizwe kabusha.

Ngamafuphi, amandla kagesi kuma-amplifiers adlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni okuphelele kwalawa madivayisi. Kubalulekile ukukhetha ugesi okwazi ukuletha amandla amanje azinzile futhi angashintshi, kanye nokuphendula ngokushesha ezinhlobonhlobo zesidingo samanje. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-amplifier kanye nokukhiqizwa kabusha komsindo. ikhwalithi ephezulu.

8. Ukubaluleka kwe-impedance esigabeni sokuphuma kwe-amplifier

Esigabeni sokuphuma se-amplifier, impedance idlala indima ebalulekile. I-Impedance ibhekisela ekuphikiseni okuvezwa yisekethe kagesi emgudwini wamanje oshintshashintshayo. Kubalulekile ukuqonda nokulawula ukuthintana ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza kahle futhi ugweme izinkinga ezifana nokuhlanekezela noma ukuntuleka kwamandla kusiginali yokuphumayo.

Ukubaluleka kwe-impedance kunomthelela wayo oqondile ekudlulisweni kwamandla kusuka ku-amplifier kuya kuzikhulumi noma imithwalo exhunyiwe. Uma i-impedance yokulayisha ingafani nokukhinyabezeka kokukhiphayo kwe-amplifier, ukungafani kungase kwenzeke futhi kuholele ezinkingeni ezinjengokulahlekelwa kwesignali, ukuhlanekezela kwe-harmonic, kanye nekhwalithi yomsindo encishisiwe.

Ukuze ubale kahle i-impedance esigabeni sokuphuma kwe-amplifier, kuyadingeka ukwazi amanani we-impedance yomthwalo kanye nomphumela wokuphuma kwe-amplifier. Uma zihlukile, kuhle ukusebenzisa i-impedance transformer noma isihlanganisi somthwalo ukuze uvumelane nokuvimbela kokubili nokuqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwamandla okwanele. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izikhulumi ezahlukene zinezihibe ezihlukile zokuthi, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhetha kahle izikhulumi ezihambisana nomphumela wokuphuma kwe-amplifier.

9. Ikilasi A, isigaba B kanye nokukhulisa isigaba AB: umehluko nokusetshenziswa

Ukukhulisa Ikilasi A, Ikilasi B, kanye Nekilasi AB kuyizindlela ezihlukene zokukhulisa amasiginali kagesi ezinhlelweni zomsindo. Ikilasi ngalinye linezici ezihlukile ezibenza bafanelekele izimo ezihlukene.

Ukukhulisa i-Class A kubonakala ngokusebenzisa i-transistor ehlala isendaweni yayo yokuchema, eqinisekisa ukuthi isignali ekhulisiwe ifana ncamashi nesignali yangempela. Lokhu kukhiqiza ikhwalithi yomsindo ephezulu kakhulu, kodwa kunobubi bokukhiqiza ukushisa okuningi nokusebenzisa amandla amaningi kunezinye izinhlobo zokukhulisa.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukukhulisa ikilasi B kusebenzisa ama-transistors amabili avula futhi avale ngokushintshana ngokuphendula isignali yokufaka. Lokhu kusindisa amandla, kodwa futhi kukhiqiza ukuhlanekezela kusignali ekhulisiwe, njengoba kunegebe elincane phakathi kwama-transistors avula futhi avaliwe. Kodwa-ke, leli klasi lisetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zomsindo wamandla aphezulu, njengezikhulisi zesiginci noma amasistimu omsindo wekhonsathi.

10. Ukukhuliswa komsindo kufinyelelwa kanjani ku-amplifier

Ukukhulisa umsindo ku-amplifier kufinyelelwa ngenqubo ebandakanya izingxenye ezimbalwa nezilungiselelo. Lapha sizokukhombisa izinyathelo ezintathu ezibalulekile zokufeza lo mgomo:

1. Khetha i-amplifier efanelekile: Ukufeza ukukhulisa umsindo, kuyadingeka ukukhetha i-amplifier ehambisana nezidingo zesistimu. Kubalulekile ukucabangela amandla adingekayo, i-impedance yomthwalo, kanye nezici zokufaka nokuphumayo ze-amplifier. I-amplifier yosayizi ongalungile ingabangela ukuhlanekezela noma kulimaze izipikha.

2. Ukuxhumana kwezingxenye: Uma i-amplifier isikhethiwe, kuyadingeka ukwenza uxhumano olufanele. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlanganisa umthombo womsindo, ngokuvamile umdlali noma i-mix, ngokokufaka kwe-amplifier. Ukwengeza, izikhulumi kufanele zixhunywe ekuphumeni okuhambisanayo kwe-amplifier. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi usebenzisa izintambo ezisezingeni eliphezulu futhi uxhuma ngendlela efanele ukuze ugweme izinkinga zomsindo, ezinjengomsindo noma amasekhethi amafushane.

3. Ukulungiswa nokucushwa: Uma ukuxhumana sekwenziwe, kuyadingeka ukwenza izinguquko ezifanele ku-amplifier. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukusetha izinga lenzuzo (ukukhulisa) ngokuya nezici zesistimu kanye nevolumu oyifunayo. Kunconywa ukuthi ulandele imiyalelo yomkhiqizi futhi usebenzise amathuluzi afana ne-voltmeter ukuze uthole izilungiselelo ezifanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuthola ibhalansi phakathi kokukhulisa nokuhlanekezela, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yomsindo eyanele.

11. Izici zokuhlanekezela kanye nemvamisa yokuphendula kuma-amplifiers

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda nokuhlola ukusebenza kwalawa madivaysi. Ukuhlanekezela kusho noma yikuphi ukuguqulwa okungafuneki kusiginali yokuphumayo okuhlobene nesiginali yokokufaka. Lokhu kungabangelwa izici ezihlukene, njengokungaxhunywanga kwezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi, imikhawulo yedizayini, noma ukungafani kwe-impedance.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, impendulo yefrikhwensi, ikhono le-amplifier ukukhiqiza kabusha ngokwethembeka amafrikhwensi ahlukene wesiginali yokufaka. Ivamise ukukalwa ngama-decibel futhi ibonise ukuthi i-amplifier inyusa noma inciphisa amafrikhwensi ngokusekelwe kunani lawo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi impendulo yefrikhwensi ingase ihluke kuye ngebanga lefrikhwensi elicatshangelwayo, ngakho-ke ububanzi befrikhwensi lapho ukulinganisa okwenziwa khona kuvame ukucaciswa.

Ukuhlola lezi zici, kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene namathuluzi atholakalayo. Kuvamile ukusebenzisa ijeneretha yesignali ukunikeza isignali yokuhlola ku-amplifier bese ukala isignali yokuphuma usebenzisa i-oscilloscope. Ukwengeza, abahlaziyi be-spectrum bangasetshenziswa ukuthola ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nempendulo yemvamisa. Kukhona nezinhlelo zesofthiwe ezikhethekile ezingalingisa futhi zihlaziye ukuziphatha kwe-amplifier ngokusekelwe kuzici zayo.

Ngamafuphi, zibalulekile ukuze uhlole ukusebenza kwakho. Ukuhlanekezela kungase kuthinte kabi ikhwalithi yesiginali ekhulisiwe, kuyilapho ukusabela okungekuhle kwemvamisa kungaholela ekukhiqizeni kabusha okungalungile kwamafrikhwensi ahlukene. Kubalulekile ukwenza izilinganiso eziqinile kanye nokuhlola usebenzisa amathuluzi afanele ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza kwe-amplifier okuphelele.

12. Izinhlelo zokuvikela nokuphepha kuma-amplifiers

Zibalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okulungile nokuvimbela umonakalo kukho kokubili okokusebenza nezikhulumi. Lawa masistimu aklanyelwe ukubona izimo eziyingozi futhi enze ngokuzenzakalelayo ukugwema noma yikuphi ukwehluleka noma ukuwohloka. ohlelweni.

Enye yezinhlelo ezivame kakhulu ukulawula izinga lokushisa. Ama-amplifiers akhiqiza ukushisa okukhulu ngesikhathi sokusebenza, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuba nesistimu ehlala iqapha izinga lokushisa langaphakathi. Uma kutholwa ukwanda okudlulele kwezinga lokushisa, uhlelo lokuvikela lungangenelela, lunciphise amandla okukhiphayo noma luvale i-amplifier ngokuphelele kuze kube yilapho izinga lokushisa libuyela emazingeni aphephile.

Olunye uhlelo lokuvikela olubalulekile umkhawulo wamanje. Uma isignali yomsindo ikhiqizwa enomsindo kakhulu, ingalayisha kakhulu izipikha, okungase kuzilimaze ngendlela engenakulungiseka. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, ama-amplifiers anesistimu yamanje yokukhawulela, ebeka umkhawulo wamandla okukhiphayo lapho izinga lokusetha ngaphambilini lifinyelelwa. Lokhu kuvimbela ukulimala kwezipikha futhi kuqinisekisa ukudlalwa komsindo okuphephile, nokungahlanekezeli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-amplifiers amaningi ahlanganisa nesistimu yokuvikela i-short-circuit, engenela ngokuzenzakalelayo uma kwenzeka isifunda esifushane ekuphumeni kwe-amplifier, ivimbela ukulimala kokubili okokusebenza nezikhulumi.

13. Ama-amplifiers amaningi kanye nokusebenza kwawo ezinhlelweni zomsindo

Ama-amplifiers eziteshi eziningi angamadivayisi abalulekile ezinhlelweni zomsindo, njengoba esivumela ukuthi sikhulise futhi sisabalalise amasiginali omsindo eziteshini eziningi. Lezi zikhulisi zingaphatha iziteshi zomsindo eziningi ngesikhathi esifanayo, okuwukhiye ekusethweni komsindo ozungezile noma kumasistimu omsindo ochwepheshe. Ukusebenza kwayo kusekelwe ekutholeni isignali yokufaka nokuyikhulisa ukuze isatshalaliswe ngamashaneli amaningi okukhiphayo.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-amplifiers eziteshi eziningi, njengalezo ezineziteshi ezi-2 (stereo) kulezo ezineziteshi eziyi-8 noma ngaphezulu. Isiteshi ngasinye singabelwa isikhulumi esisodwa noma iqembu lezikhulumi ohlelweni lomsindo. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi udale ukuzizwisa kokulalela okugxilile ngokunikeza umsindo ovela eziqondisweni nama-engeli ahlukene. Ukwengeza, ezinye izikhulisi zeziteshi eziningi futhi zifaka phakathi imisebenzi yokulinganisa nokulungiswa kwebhalansi yesiteshi ngasinye, okukuvumela ukuthi uqhubeke wenze ngokwezifiso okukhiphayo komsindo.

Ukusebenza kwama-amplifiers eziteshi eziningi kusekelwe ekwandiseni izimpawu zomsindo. Isignali yomsindo efakiwe ihlukaniswe ngamashaneli ahlukene, akhuliswa ngawodwa bese athunyelwa ngemiphumela yawo. Isiteshi ngasinye singaba nezilungiselelo ezizimele zokuzuza ukulawula izinga levolumu nokulungisa imiksi yomsindo. Ngalokhu kumisa, kungenzeka ukuzuza umsindo ocacile nolinganiselayo kulo lonke uhlelo lomsindo. Kafushane, izikhulisi zeziteshi eziningi ziyithuluzi elibalulekile ekukhiqizeni kabusha komsindo ozungezile kanye nezinhlelo zomsindo ezichwepheshile, ezihlinzeka ngomuzwa wokulalela wekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nokuguquguquka ekudlaleni okuqukethwe kwe-multimedia.

14. Ukucatshangelwa kokuklama nokulungiswa ekusebenzeni kwe-amplifier

Idizayini efanele nokulungiswa kweamplifier kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle nokuthola ikhwalithi yomsindo engcono kakhulu. Ngezansi kukhona okubalulekile okufanele ukukhumbule:

1. Ukukhethwa kwezingxenye zekhwalithi: Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izingxenye zekhwalithi ephezulu, njengama-transistors nama-resistors, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwe-amplifier okuthembekile nokuhlala isikhathi eside. Kunconywa ukuthi ubheke amabhrendi aziwayo futhi uthintane nemininingwane yobuchwepheshe ukuze ukhethe izingxenye ezifanele.
2. Ukukhetha umklamo: Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokucushwa kwe-amplifier nama-topology atholakalayo. Ngokuya ngezidingo zomuntu ngamunye kanye nezintandokazi, umklamo ofaneleka kakhulu kufanele ukhethwe. Ungakhetha phakathi kwekilasi A, ikilasi B, ikilasi AB noma izikhulisa-zwi zekilasi D, ngasinye sinaso izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi.
3. Ukulungiswa Kwenzuzo Nokuchema: Ukuze usebenze kahle, kubalulekile ukulungisa ngokucophelela inzuzo nokuchema kwe-amplifier. Lokhu kuhilela ukulandela izicaciso zomkhiqizi nokusebenzisa amathuluzi okulinganisa, njengama-oscilloscopes nama-multimeters, ukwenza noma yiziphi izinguquko ezidingekayo. Ukulungiswa okufanele kuzoqinisekisa umsindo ohlanzekile, ongahlanekezeli futhi ukusebenza kahle okukhulu ye-amplifier.

Ngamafuphi, ukuklama nokulungisa i-amplifier kudinga ukunakwa ngokucophelela emininingwaneni kanye nokukhetha okufanele kwezingxenye nokucushwa. Ngokulandela lezi zincomo, Kungafinyelelwa ukusebenza okuphezulu kanye nekhwalithi yomsindo ehlukile evela ku-amplifier.

Kafushane, njengoba manje sesiqonda ukuthi i-amplifier isebenza kanjani, singakwazi ukuqonda ukubaluleka kwaso ekukhuliseni amasignali omsindo. Ama-amplifiers adlala indima ebalulekile ezimbonini ezinjengomculo, umsakazo, icinema nobuchwepheshe nje jikelele. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukuthatha isignali ebuthakathaka futhi ukwandise ubukhulu bayo, okuvumela ukuthi idluliselwe noma idlalwe kahle.

Kuso sonke isiqephu sendatshana, sihlole izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-amplifiers atholakalayo, kusukela ekilasini A kuya kwezikhulisi zekilasi D Siphinde saxoxa ngezingxenye ezibalulekile ezakha i-amplifier, njengama-transistors, ama-resistors nama-capacitor, nokuthi Lezi zisebenza kanjani ndawonye ukuze kuzuzwe. okunembile, ukukhuliswa kwekhwalithi.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi nakuba ama-amplifiers eyithuluzi elibalulekile ekukhuliseni amasignali alalelwayo, angaveza nezinselele kanye nemikhawulo. Izinto ezifana nokuhlanekezela kwe-harmonic, ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic, nokushisisa yizici okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho kukhethwa futhi kusetshenziswa isikhulisi samandla. indlela ephumelelayo.

Ekugcineni, i-amplifier iyithuluzi eliyinhloko emhlabeni yezobuchwepheshe nezokuxhumana. Ukusebenza kwayo kanye nezici zayo zobuchwepheshe kuguqule indlela esijabulela ngayo umculo, ukuxhumana ngawo kusukela emsakazweni futhi sizwa nomthelela womsindo ezindaweni ezahlukene. Ngolwazi oluzuzwe kulesi sihloko, manje usunokuqonda okwengeziwe kokuthi i-amplifier isebenza kanjani nokuthi ungawasebenzisa kanjani ngokugcwele amandla aso.