Umehluko phakathi kwama-Anions nama-Cations: Ziyini Futhi Zisebenza Kanjani?
Ayini ama-ion?
Ama-ion ama-athomu aneshaji kagesi ngenxa yokulahlekelwa noma ukuzuza kwama-electron. Lapho i-athomu ilahlekelwa ama-electron, iba cation; Lapho i-athomu izuza ama-electron, iba i-anion. Ngamafuphi, ama-ion angama-athomu athole ukushaja kagesi.
Yini ama-anions?
Ama-Anions angama-ion ane-negative charge. Lokhu kushaja okungekuhle kungenxa yokuthi i-athomu izuze i-electron eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. Isibonelo, i-chloride ion (Cl-) iyi-anion eyakha lapho i-athomu ye-chlorine ithola i-electron.
Ayini ama-cations?
Ama-cations ama-ion ashajwe kahle. Lokhu kushaja okuhle kungenxa yokuthi i-athomu ilahlekelwe i-electron eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. Isibonelo, i-calcium ion (Ca2+) iyi-cation eyenza lapho i-athomu ye-calcium ilahlekelwa ama-electron amabili.
Umehluko phakathi kwama-Anions nama-Cations
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwama-anion nama-cations ukushaja kwawo kagesi. Ama-Anion anenkokhelo engalungile, kuyilapho ama-cation anenkokhelo ephozithivu. Ukwengeza, ama-anion nama-cation asebenzisana ngokuhlukile namanye ama-ion kanye nezinhlanganisela zamakhemikhali ngenxa yokushaja kwawo.
Ama-Anion ajwayele ukwakha izibopho ezihlangene namanye ama-athomu e-anionic nama-compounds. Amabhondi e-Covalent ahilela ukwabelana ngama-electron phakathi kwama-athomu, futhi njengoba ama-anion asevele enecala elibi, ancamela ukubopha nama-athomu aphinde abe necala elibi ukuze anciphise ukucasuka phakathi kwezindleko ezingezinhle.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-cations avame ukwakha izibopho ze-ionic nama-athomu e-anionic noma izinhlanganisela. Amabhondi e-Ionic ahilela ukudluliswa okuphelele kwama-electron kusuka ku-athomu eyodwa kuya kwenye, futhi njengoba ama-cation anenkokhelo enhle, akhetha ukubopha nama-athomu aneshaji elibi ukuze akhulise ukukhanga phakathi kwezindleko eziphambene.
Ukusetshenziswa kwama-Anions nama-Cations
Ama-Anion nama-cations anokusetshenziswa okuningi kuwo impilo yansuku zonke. Ama-cations afana ne-sodium (Na+) abalulekile ekudluliseni izimpawu zemizwa emzimbeni futhi atholakala ekudleni okufana nosawoti wetafula. Amanye ama-cations afana ne-iron (Fe2+) abalulekile ekukhiqizeni amangqamuzana egazi abomvu egazini.
Ama-anions nawo abalulekile empilweni yansuku zonke. I-chloride ion (Cl-) itholakala kusawoti wetafula, kodwa futhi isetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali afana ne-PVC. Amanye ama-anion, afana ne-phosphorus (PO43-), abalulekile njengezakhi zezitshalo futhi atholakala kumanyolo wezitshalo eziningi.
imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa
Ama-ion akhiwa kanjani?
Ama-ion akhiwa lapho i-athomu ilahlekelwa noma izuza ama-electron. Ama-athomu enziwa azinze ngokuba nenani elilinganiselwe lama-proton nama-electron, futhi uma i-athomu ilahlekelwa noma ithola ama-electron, iphazamisa le bhalansi futhi ithole inkokhiso kagesi.
Ingabe ama-anion ahluke kanjani kuma-cations?
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwama-anion nama-cations ukushaja kwawo kagesi. Ama-Anion anenkokhelo engalungile, kuyilapho ama-cation anenkokhelo ephozithivu.
Ama-anion nama-cation asetshenziswa kanjani embonini?
Ama-anion nama-cations asetshenziswa embonini ngezinhloso ezahlukahlukene. Isibonelo, ama-cations asetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni ingilazi, kuyilapho ama-anion asetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni amakhemikhali afana ne-PVC.
Isiphetho
Ngamafuphi, ama-anion nama-cations ama-athomu aneshaji kagesi ngenxa yokulahleka noma ukuzuza kwama-electron. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwama-anion nama-cations ukushaja kwawo kagesi, njengoba ama-anion aneshaje engalungile futhi ama-cation aneshajilezi. Ukwengeza, ama-anion nama-cation asebenzisana ngokuhlukile namanye ama-ion kanye nezinhlanganisela zamakhemikhali ngenxa yokushaja kwawo. Ama-Anion nama-cations nawo anokusetshenziswa okuningi okungokoqobo empilweni yansuku zonke nasembonini.
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