Uyibuka kanjani imethadatha yesithombe

I-Metadata kusuka esithombeni Ziwumthombo obalulekile wolwazi lobuchwepheshe olunikeza imininingwane ngekhamera esetshenzisiwe, izilungiselelo zokuchayeka nezinye izici ezihlobene nokuthwebula isithombe. Le datha ibalulekile kubathwebuli bezithombe nochwepheshe bezithombe, njengoba ibavumela ukuthi baqonde kangcono ukuthi isithombe sakhiwe kanjani futhi balungiselele imiphumela etholiwe. Kulesi sihloko, sizofunda ukubuka nokuhlaziya imethadatha yesithombe, sikunikeze amathuluzi adingekayo ukuze utolike lolu lwazi lobuchwepheshe ngempumelelo.

1. Isingeniso semethadatha yesithombe

Imethadatha yesithombe iwulwazi olwengeziwe olugcinwa kanye nesithombe, olunikeza imininingwane mayelana nemvelaphi yaso, ifomethi, usayizi, idethi yokudalwa, nokuningi. Le metadata ayibonakali ngeso lenyama, kodwa ingaba usizo kakhulu ekuhleleni nasekusesheni izithombe. Kulesi sigaba, sizohlola izisekelo zemethadatha yesithombe nokuthi ungayifinyelela kanjani.

1. Ukukhishwa kwemethadatha: Kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokukhipha imethadatha esithombeni. Enye inketho ukusebenzisa isoftware ekhethekile njenge I-Adobe Photoshop noma i-Lightroom, ekuvumela ukuthi ubuke futhi uhlele imethadatha yesithombe. Enye inketho ukusebenzisa amathuluzi aku-inthanethi, njenge-Exiftool, ekuvumela ukuthi ukhiphe imethadatha esithombeni ngaphandle kokufaka noma iyiphi isofthiwe eyengeziwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanye izinhlelo zokusebenza, njengoba I-Windows ne-macOS, futhi ikuvumela ukuthi ubuke imethadatha yesithombe ngokuchofoza kwesokudla bese ukhetha "Izakhiwo" noma "Thola Ulwazi."

2. Izinhlobo zemethadatha: Imethadatha yesithombe ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezihlukene, ezihlanganisa ulwazi lobuchwepheshe olufana nosayizi wesithombe, ukulungiswa, nefomethi yefayela; ulwazi lwekhamera, njengemodeli nezilungiselelo ezisetshenziswa uma uthatha isithombe; ulwazi lwendawo, olungafaka phakathi izixhumanisi eziqondile lapho isithombe sithathwe khona; kanye nemethadatha ye-copyright, ekhombisa ukuthi isithombe siphethe bani nokuthi yiziphi izimvume zokusebenzisa ezinikeziwe.

3. Ukubaluleka kwemethadatha: Imethadatha yesithombe ibalulekile ekugcineni ukuhleleka nokulandelelwa kwezithombe kumaqoqo amakhulu, njengemitapo yolwazi yedijithali noma ama-albhamu ezithombe. Ukwengeza, imethadatha ingaba wusizo kakhulu kubathwebuli bezithombe abangochwepheshe, ibavumele ukuthi balandelele izilungiselelo ezisetshenziswa esithombeni ngasinye, ibasize bathuthukise indlela yabo yokuthatha izithombe. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqaphela ukuthi imethadatha inganikeza ulwazi olubalulekile emacaleni omthetho, njengobunikazi besithombe noma ubuqiniso besithombe.

2. Iyini imethadatha futhi kungani ibalulekile ezithombeni?

Imethadatha iwulwazi olwengeziwe olunamathiselwe esithombeni esinikeza imininingwane ebalulekile mayelana nesithombe, njengedethi nesikhathi sokuthwebula, imodeli yekhamera, izilungiselelo zokuchayeka, indawo yendawo, phakathi kwedatha efanelekile. Le methadatha igcinwa efayeleni lesithombe futhi ingabukwa futhi ilungiswe kusetshenziswa izinhlelo ezahlukene namathuluzi akhethekile.

Ukubaluleka kwemethadatha kulele ekutheni isivumela ukuthi sihlele kangcono futhi siphathe izithombe zethu, senze ukusesha kwazo kube lula nokuhlukaniswa kwazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zibalulekile ekuvikelweni kwelungelo lobunikazi, njengoba zingasetshenziswa njengobufakazi bobunikazi noma ubunikazi uma kunezingxabano ezingokomthetho. Zibuye zisetshenziswe ochwepheshe bokuthwebula izithombe ukuze bahlole futhi bathuthukise amasu abo, njengoba imethadatha inikeza ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nezilungiselelo zekhamera ezisetshenziswa kusithombe ngasinye.

Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokufinyelela nokuhlela imethadatha yesithombe. Ezinye izinhlelo zokuhlela izithombe, njenge-Photoshop, zikuvumela ukuthi ubuke futhi uhlele lolu lwazi ngokuqondile kusixhumi esibonakalayo sazo. Kukhona futhi amathuluzi akhethekile, njenge-ExifTool, agxile ngokukhethekile ekuphatheni imethadatha yesithombe.

Ngamafuphi, imethadatha iyidatha ehambisanayo ehlotshaniswa nezithombe futhi ehlinzeka ngolwazi olubalulekile mayelana nesithombe. Ukubaluleka kwayo kulele enhlanganweni, ekuphathweni nasekuvikeleni izithombe zethu, kanye nasekuhlaziyeni nasekuthuthukisweni kwamasu ethu ezithombe. Kubalulekile ukufunda indlela yokusebenzisa imethadatha ngendlela efanele ukuze usebenzise ngokugcwele izinzuzo esinikeza zona emkhakheni wokuthatha izithombe.

3. Izindlela zokubuka imethadatha yesithombe

Kukhona ezahlukene. Le datha ihlinzeka ngolwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nesithombe, njengedethi esithathwe ngayo, ikhamera esetshenzisiwe, indawo yendawo, neminye imininingwane efanele. Ngezansi kunezindlela ezintathu ezingasetshenziswa ukufinyelela lolu lwazi.

1. Indlela yokwenza: Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zokubuka izithombe, njenge-File Explorer ku-Windows noma uhlelo lokusebenza lwezithombe ku-Mac, zikuvumela ukuthi ubuke imethadatha yesithombe ngokomdabu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, mane uvule isithombe ngohlelo lokusebenza oluhambisanayo bese ubheka inketho ebhekisela emininingwaneni noma izakhiwo zesithombe. Uma le nketho isitholakele, uzokwazi ukubuka imethadatha, engahluka kuye ngokuthi isistimu esebenzayo kanye nesicelo esisetshenzisiwe.

2. Amathuluzi aku-inthanethi: Kunamathuluzi ahlukahlukene aku-inthanethi anikeza ikhono lokubuka imethadatha yesithombe ngokushesha futhi kalula. Lawa mathuluzi ngokuvamile amahhala futhi awadingi ukufakwa kwanoma iyiphi isofthiwe eyengeziwe. Ezinye izinketho ezidumile zifaka i-ExifData.com, i-Metadata2Go.com, ne-Jeffrey's Exif Viewer. Ukuze usebenzise lawa mathuluzi, vele ulayishe isithombe kuwebhusayithi ehambisanayo bese ulinda ukuthi ikubonise imethadatha etholakalayo. Amanye amathuluzi azokuvumela ukuthi uhlele noma ususe imethadatha ethile uma uthanda.

3. Isofthiwe eyisipesheli: Uma udinga ukubona imethadatha ye izithombe eziningana ngempumelelo, kungase kusize ukusebenzisa isofthiwe ekhethekile yokuphatha izithombe njenge-Adobe Lightroom noma i-ACDSee. Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zivame ukuba nezinketho ezithuthukisiwe zokuhlela, ukuhlunga, nokuhlela imethadatha yesithombe ngamavolumu amakhulu. Ngaphezu kokubuka imethadatha, ungenza ukusesha okuthile, uhlunge ngemibandela futhi uthumele ulwazi ngamafomethi ahlukene. Lezi zinhlelo ziwusizo ikakhulukazi kubathwebuli bezithombe abangochwepheshe noma abangafundile abaphatha amaqoqo amakhulu ezithombe.

4. Ukufinyelela imininingwane eyisisekelo yesithombe: usuku, isikhathi nendawo

Ukuze ufinyelele imininingwane eyisisekelo yesithombe, njengedethi, isikhathi nendawo, kunezindlela namathuluzi ahlukene ongawasebenzisa. Okulandelayo, ngizokunikeza a Igxathu emvakwe gxathu indlela yokukwenza:

1. Sebenzisa isihloli sefayela: Indlela elula ukuvula ifolda lapho isithombe ofuna ukufinyelela kuso sikhona bese uchofoza kuso kwesokudla. Bese ukhetha "Properties" bese uya kuthebhu "Imininingwane". Lapho ungathola ulwazi oludingayo, njengedethi nesikhathi sokuthwebula, kanye nendawo uma ikhona.

2. Sebenzisa isofthiwe yokuhlela izithombe: Uma unesofthiwe yokuhlela izithombe, njenge-Adobe Photoshop, ungakwazi ukuvula isithombe ohlelweni bese ubheka izinketho zemethadatha. Imethadatha iqukethe imininingwane enemininingwane mayelana nesithombe, okuhlanganisa idethi, isikhathi, nendawo. Ku-Photoshop, isibonelo, ungafinyelela imethadatha ngokuchofoza "Ifayela" bese ukhetha "Ulwazi Lwefayela."

3. Sebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza eziphathwayo: Uma ufuna ukufinyelela kumininingwane eyisisekelo yesithombe esithathwe ngomakhalekhukhwini wakho, ungasebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile. Isibonelo, kumadivayisi e-Android, ungakwazi ukuvula uhlelo lokusebenza Lwegalari, ukhethe isithombe, bese uthepha isithonjana esithi "i" noma "imininingwane". Kumadivayisi e-iOS, ungakwenza lokhu ohlelweni lokusebenza lwezithombe, ukhethe isithombe bese uthepha okuthi "Hlela," bese ukhetha inketho yolwazi (isithonjana "i").

Khumbula ukuthi akuzona zonke izithombe ezizoba nedatha yendawo etholakalayo, njengoba lokhu kuncike kuzilungiselelo zedivayisi noma ukuthi umsebenzi we-geolocation uyasebenza yini. Futhi, khumbula ukuthi lolu lwazi lungashintshwa noma lususwe, ngakho aluthembeki njalo ngo-100%. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziningi, lezi zindlela zizokuvumela ukuthi ufinyelele imininingwane eyisisekelo yesithombe, ikunikeza ulwazi oluwusizo lokusebenzisa noma ukuhlaziya.

5. Ukususa ukubethela imethadatha yekhamera esetshenziswe esithombeni

Emhlabeni wezithombe zedijithali, imethadatha iwulwazi olwengeziwe olugcinwa esithombeni esithwetshulwe yikhamera. Le methadatha inikeza imininingwane ebalulekile mayelana nezilungiselelo zekhamera ezisetshenzisiwe, kanye nosuku nesikhathi isithombe esithathwe ngaso. Ukucacisa imethadatha yesithombe kungaveza ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nokuthi isithombe sithwetshulwe futhi sacutshungulwa kanjani, okungaba usizo ezimweni ezihlukahlukene.

Ngenhlanhla, kukhona amathuluzi atholakalayo asivumela ukuthi sifinyelele futhi siqonde imethadatha yesithombe. Enye yezindlela ezilula zokwenza lokhu ukusebenzisa isibukeli semethadatha, okuwuhlelo noma uhlelo lokusebenza olukuvumela ukuthi ubone lonke ulwazi olugcinwe esithombeni. Kulezi zibukeli, ungathola ulwazi olufana nokwakheka nemodeli yekhamera, izilungiselelo zokuchayeka, indawo yokuvula i-diaphragm, isivinini se-shutter, ukuzwela kwe-ISO, phakathi kokunye.

Ngokungeziwe kuzibukeli zemethadatha, kukhona nezinhlelo ezikhethekile ekukhishweni kwemethadatha. Lawa mathuluzi adlula nje ukubonisa ulwazi, njengoba ekuvumela ukuthi uhlaziye futhi ukhiphe idatha ethile esithombeni. Isibonelo, uma ufuna umsuka wendawo wesithombe, ungasebenzisa amathuluzi akhipha indawo ye-GPS egcinwe kumethadatha. Lawa mathuluzi awusizo ikakhulukazi kubaphenyi bezomthetho nabathwebuli bezithombe abangochwepheshe abafuna ukuthola imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nesithombe nomsuka waso.

6. Ukuhlola ukuchayeka kwesithombe nezilungiselelo zokugxila

Uma uhlola ukuchayeka nokugxilisa izilungiselelo zesithombe, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ulawula kanjani ukukhanya nokucija ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle. Nawa amanye amathiphu namasu okwenza kahle lezi zilungiselelo:

Izilungiselelo zokuvezwa:

• Sebenzisa i-histogram: I-histogram iwumfanekiso oyisithombe wokusatshalaliswa kwamathoni esithombeni. Lungisa ukuchayeka uze uthole ijika elilinganiselayo ku-histogram, ugweme izindawo ezimnyama kakhulu noma ezilula kakhulu.
• Lawula ukukhanya nokugqama: Ungalungisa ukukhanya ukuze kukhanye noma wenze mnyama isithombe sisonke, kuyilapho ukugqama kugqamisa umehluko phakathi kwezithombe ezinhle kakhulu nezithunzi.
• Dlala ngesinxephezelo sokuchayeka: Lesi sici sikuvumela ukuthi ukhuphule noma wehlise ukuvezwa kwesithombe ngezinyathelo, okuwusizo ekulungiseni izimo zokugqama okuphezulu.

Izilungiselelo zokugxila:

• I-Autofocus: Amakhamera amaningi ane-autofocus elungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo ukucija kwesithombe. Qiniseka ukuthi icushiwe futhi isebenza kahle.
• Ukugxila mathupha: Uma ufuna ukulawula ukugxila okwengeziwe, ungakhetha ukugxila mathupha. Zungezisa indandatho yokugxila kulensi kuze kube yilapho isithombe sesicacile ngesitholi sokubuka noma esikrinini kusuka kukhamera yakho.
• Ukukhetha izindawo okugxilwe kuzo: Amanye amakhamera akuvumela ukuthi ukhethe ukuthi iyiphi indawo yesithombe ofuna ukugxila kuyo. Sebenzisa lesi sici ukuze ugqamise isihloko esithile futhi ufiphalise ingemuva.

Khumbula ukuthi isithombe ngasinye sihlukile futhi singase sidinge ukuvezwa okuhlukile nezilungiselelo zokugxila. Linga ngamasethingi ahlukene namathuluzi ukuze uthole ukuthi yini ekusebenzela kangcono wena nesitayela sakho sokuthatha izithombe. Unganqikazi ukuzama nokuhlola!

7. Ukuhlonza ulwazi mayelana nombhali kanye ne-copyright yesithombe

Uma usebenzisa isithombe okungesona esakho kuphrojekthi noma ekushicilelweni okuku-inthanethi, kubalulekile ukuhlonza kahle umbhali nolwazi lwelungelo lobunikazi lwesithombe. Lokhu ngeke kukusize nje ukuthi uthobele imithetho ye-copyright, kodwa kuzophinde kunikeze udumo kumdali wangempela wesithombe. Ngezansi kukhona izinyathelo zokukhomba ngempumelelo lolu lwazi.

1. Hlola isithombe ukuze uthole imethadatha: Imethadatha iwulwazi olwengeziwe olufakwe efayeleni lesithombe, njengegama lombhali, ilungelo lobunikazi, indawo, usuku, ikhamera esetshenzisiwe, njll. Ungafinyelela le methadatha usebenzisa amathuluzi ahlukene atholakala ku-inthanethi noma ngesofthiwe yokuhlela izithombe. Buyekeza ngokucophelela imethadatha futhi ubheke noma yiziphi izinkomba zombhali noma i-copyright yesithombe.

2. Sesha isithombe esiphambene: Uma ungatholi ulwazi olubalulekile kumethadatha yesithombe, ungasebenzisa amathuluzi okusesha isithombe esihlanekezelwe ukuze uhlonze umsuka waso. Lawa mathuluzi akuvumela ukuthi ulayishe noma ufake i-URL yesithombe bese usesha ku-inthanethi ngemiphumela efanayo. Ungathola isithombe sangempela ngakho-ke igama lombhali noma umthombo wangempela wesithombe.

3. Sebenzisa amawebhusayithi ezithombe anelayisensi: Uma ungakwazi ukuthola noma yiluphi ulwazi mayelana nombhali wesithombe, cabanga ukusebenzisa amawebhusayithi ezithombe anelayisensi. Lawa masayithi anikezela ngezinhlobonhlobo zezithombe zekhwalithi ephezulu ezingasetshenziswa ngokukhululekile kumaphrojekthi womuntu siqu noma wokuthengisa, inqobo nje uma izimo zelayisensi zihlonishwa. Qiniseka ukuthi ufunda futhi uqonde imigomo nemibandela yokusetshenziswa kwesithombe ngasinye ngaphambi kokusilanda nokusisebenzisa.

Sicela ukhumbule ukuthi ukusebenzisa izithombe ngaphandle kwesichasiso esifanele noma imvume evela kumbhali kungase kubangele ukwephulwa kwe-copyright. Kuhlala kuhle kakhulu ukuqaphela amalungelo abanye futhi unikeze ikhredithi efanelekile lapho usebenzisa isithombe okungesona esakho. Ngokulandela lezi zinyathelo, uzokwazi ukuhlonza umbhali nolwazi lwe-copyright yesithombe. indlela ephumelelayo futhi ehloniphayo.

8. Ukuhlaziya isixazululo nosayizi wedatha yesithombe

Ukuhlaziya isixazululo nosayizi wedatha yesithombe, kunamathuluzi amaningana atholakalayo angakusiza ukuthi uthole imininingwane enemininingwane. Elinye lalawa mathuluzi yi-Photoshop, elikuvumela ukuthi uvule isithombe futhi ubuke izakhiwo zayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, mane uvule ifayela Isithombe ku-Photoshop bese uye kuthebhu "Isithombe" kubha yemenyu. Lapho uzothola izinketho "Usayizi Wesithombe" kanye "Nesinqumo" ezizokunikeza imininingwane edingekayo.

Elinye ithuluzi eliwusizo uhlelo lwePaint, oluza lufakwe ngaphambili ezinhlelweni eziningi zokusebenza ze-Microsoft. Vula isithombe nge-Paint bese uchofoza ithebhu ethi "File". Okulandelayo, khetha inketho ethi "Properties" futhi kuzovela iwindi elizokunikeza ulwazi mayelana nosayizi nesinqumo sesithombe.

Uma ungenakho ukufinyelela kunoma yiziphi zalezi zinhlelo, ungasebenzisa futhi amathuluzi aku-inthanethi afana impresum.es o iloveimg.com. Lawa mathuluzi azokuvumela ukuthi ulayishe isithombe futhi uthole ulwazi mayelana nosayizi waso nokulungiswa ngokushesha futhi kalula.

9. Ukuthola indawo yesithombe ngemethadatha yaso

Ukuthola indawo yesithombe ngemethadatha yaso kungaba umsebenzi othokozisayo kulabo abafuna ukwazi indawo ngqo lapho isithombe sathathwa khona. Imethadatha yesithombe iqukethe ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nesithombe, njengedethi nesikhathi esathathwa ngaso, kanye nendawo ye-GPS yedivayisi ngesikhathi isithombe sithathwa.

Ukuqala, kubalulekile ukuba nesithombe esiqukethe imethadatha. Amakhamera amaningi nomakhalekhukhwini bagcina lolu lwazi ngokuzenzakalelayo. Isinyathelo sokuqala siwukubuyekeza imininingwane yesithombe esisetshenziswa ekusithwebuleni. Endabeni yekhamera yedijithali, le mininingwane ivamise ukutholakala kumenyu yezinketho zesithombe. Kumakhalekhukhwini, imethadatha ingatholwa kuhlelo lokusebenza lwegalari noma kulwazi lwesithombe ngokwalo.

Uma imethadatha ingatholakali esithombeni sokuqala, ingakhishwa kusetshenziswa ithuluzi elikhethekile. Kunezinketho ezihlukile ze-inthanethi ezikuvumela ukuthi ulayishe isithombe futhi uthole imethadatha ehlotshaniswa naso. Uma imethadatha isitholiwe, kungenzeka ukuhlonza indawo yesithombe ngokusebenzisa izixhumanisi ze-GPS ezinikeziwe. Lezi zixhumanisi zingabukwa kumephu eku-inthanethi noma kuhlelo lokusebenza lwemephu ukuze kunqunywe indawo lapho isithombe sithathwe khona.

10. Ukuqonda ukufometha kwesithombe nokuminyanisa imethadatha

Ifomethi yesithombe kanye nemethadatha yokuminyanisa kuwulwazi olwengeziwe olugcinwe ngaphakathi kwefayela lesithombe futhi lunikeza imininingwane ebalulekile mayelana nesakhiwo nekhwalithi yalo. Ukuqonda le metadata kubalulekile ukuze ukwazi ukukhohlisa nokusebenza ngezithombe ngendlela efanele.

Ngezansi amanye amaphuzu angukhiye azokuvumela ukuthi uqonde futhi uhlaziye imethadatha yokufometha nokuminyanisa yesithombe:

1. Ifomethi yesithombe: Ifomethi yesithombe inquma isakhiwo kanye nohlobo lwefayela lapho isithombe sigcinwa khona. Amafomethi avame kakhulu afaka i-JPEG, i-PNG, i-GIF ne-BMP. Ifomethi ngayinye inezici zayo kanye nezinzuzo zayo, njengokukwazi ukusekela obala noma ikhono lokuminyanisa izithombe ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ikhwalithi.

2. Ukucindezelwa kwesithombe: Ukuminyanisa isithombe kuyinqubo yokunciphisa usayizi wefayela wesithombe ukuze kube lula ukugcinwa nokudlulisa. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokucindezelwa: ukucindezela okulahlekile nokucindezelwa okungalahleki. Ukucindezelwa okulahlekile kususa ulwazi oluthile olungadingekile esithombeni, okungaholela ekulahlekelweni okuphawulekayo kwekhwalithi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukucindezela okungenakulahlekelwa kunciphisa usayizi wefayela ngaphandle kokuthinta ikhwalithi yesithombe.

3. Amathuluzi okuhlaziya: Ukuze uhlaziye ifomethi kanye nemethadatha yokuminyanisa yesithombe, kunamathuluzi ahlukahlukene atholakalayo. Lawa mathuluzi akuvumela ukuthi ubuke futhi ukhiphe imininingwane enemininingwane ngesithombe, njengosayizi wefayela, ukulungiswa, isikhala sombala esisetshenzisiwe, izinga lokucindezela, nedatha ye-EXIF ​​. Amanye amathuluzi adumile afaka i-Adobe Photoshop, i-GIMP, namathuluzi aku-inthanethi njenge-Jeffrey's Image Metadata Viewer.

Ukuqonda imethadatha yokufometha nokuminyanisa kwesithombe kukunikeza ukuqonda okujulile kokuthi isithombe sakhiwe kanjani futhi kukuvumela ukuthi wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi lapho usikhohlisa. Ukukhetha ifomethi efanele nohlobo lokuminyanisa kungaba nomthelela omkhulu kukhwalithi yefayela nosayizi, futhi kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zakho. kumaphrojekthi akho. Ngokusebenzisa amathuluzi afanelekile, uzokwazi ukuhlaziya futhi ukhiphe ulwazi olubalulekile kumethadatha yezithombe zakho, okuzokusiza wenze izinguquko ezidingekayo nokuthuthukisa.

11. Ukutolika idatha yedethi yokuguqulwa neyokudala yesithombe

Idatha yedethi yokuguqulwa neyokudala yesithombe iyizici ezibalulekile ekunqumeni ukuthi isithombe sithathwe noma sahlelwa nini. Ukuhumusha kahle le datha kunganikeza ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nomlando nomsuka wesithombe. Ngezansi ezinye izinyathelo zokuhumusha ngempumelelo le datha:

1. Buyekeza imethadatha yesithombe: Imethadatha iwulwazi olwengeziwe olugcinwe efayeleni lesithombe, futhi ingafaka imininingwane mayelana nekhamera esetshenzisiwe, izilungiselelo zokuchayeka, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, idethi edalwe futhi yalungiswa ngayo. Ukuze ufinyelele imethadatha, ungasebenzisa amathuluzi afana I-Adobe Photoshop o I-GIMP. Vele uvule isithombe kunoma yiliphi kulawa mathuluzi bese ubheka inketho ekuvumela ukuthi ubuke imethadatha yesithombe.

2. Hlaziya amadethi ahlukene: Uma usukwazi ukufinyelela imethadatha yesithombe, kubalulekile ukuhlaziya amadethi ahlukene atholakalayo. Ngokuvamile, uzothola amadethi okudala nawokulungisa, kanye namanye amadethi ahlobene nokuhlelwa okuthile, njengokunqampuna noma ukulungiswa kombala. Qhathanisa lezi zinsuku bese ubuza imibuzo elandelayo: Ingabe izinsuku zokudala nokulungiswa ziyafana noma zihlukile? Ingabe amadethi okulungisa aseduze nedethi eyaziwayo ebalulekile ehlobene nesithombe? Le mibuzo izokusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi isithombe sihleliwe noma idatha ishintshiwe.

3. Hlola neminye imithombo: Uma idatha yedethi kumethadatha inganele noma ucabanga ukuthi ingashintshwa, kuhle ukuthi uqinisekise ulwazi neminye imithombo. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukusesha izithombe ezifanayo ezithathwe endaweni nesikhathi esifanayo, ukucela ubufakazi kubantu abakhona endaweni yesigameko, noma ukusesha idatha eyengeziwe kwabezindaba noma amanethiwekhi omphakathi. Le mithombo engaphandle inganikeza ubufakazi obengeziwe ukuze uqinisekise noma uphikise idatha yedethi yokudala neyokulungiswa kwesithombe.

Ukutolika idatha yedethi yokuguqulwa neyokudala kungaba inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa ngamathuluzi alungile nezinyathelo, kuyenzeka uthole ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nesithombe. Hlala ukhumbula ukuhlaziya imethadatha yesithombe, uqhathanise futhi uhlaziye amadethi ahlukene futhi, uma kudingeka, uqinisekise ulwazi ngemithombo yangaphandle. Lezi zinyathelo zizokusiza ukuthi uthole ukuqonda okunembe kakhudlwana komlando wesithombe nomsuka waso!

12. Khipha imethadatha yamakhamera edijithali esizukulwane sakamuva

Kule minyaka yokuthatha izithombe zedijithali, imethadatha evela kumakhamera aphambili inganikeza ingcebo yolwazi olubalulekile mayelana nesithombe. Ukucacisa le metadata kungaba wusizo ezimweni eziningi, kusukela ophenyweni lwezobunhloli kuya ekuhleleni umtapo wezincwadi obanzi wezithombe. Kulokhu okuthunyelwe, sizokukhombisa ukuthi kanjani isinyathelo ngesinyathelo.

1. Sebenzisa isibukeli semethadatha: Kunezibukeli eziningi zemethadatha ezitholakala ku-inthanethi ezikuvumela ukuthi ubuke futhi uhlaziye idatha eshumekwe esithombeni. Lawa mathuluzi ngokuvamile asebenziseka kalula futhi anganikeza ulwazi mayelana nekhamera esetshenzisiwe, idethi nesikhathi sokuthwebula, izilungiselelo zokuchayeka, indawo yezwe, nokunye okuningi. Ezinye izibukeli zemethadatha ezidumile ziyi I-ExifTool, I-PhotoME y I-Metadata++.

2. Hlola omaka be-Exif: Iningi lamakhamera edijithali agcina imethadatha kusetshenziswa indinganiso ye-Exif (Ifomethi Yefayela Elishintshayo Lesithombe). Le fomethi inikeza izinhlobonhlobo zamathegi achaza imininingwane yobuchwepheshe yesithombe. Amanye amathegi e-Exif abaluleke kakhulu afaka isivinini se-shutter, indawo yokuvula, ukuzwela kwe-ISO, nobude bokugxila obusetshenziselwa ukuthwebula isithombe. Ukuhlola lawa malebula kungaba usizo ikakhulukazi kubathwebuli bezithombe abafuna ukufunda kuzilungiselelo ezisetshenziswa abanye ochwepheshe.

3. Sebenzisa izinhlelo zokuhlela izithombe: Ngaphezu kwezibukeli zemethadatha, izinhlelo eziningi zokuhlela izithombe zikuvumela ukuthi ufinyelele futhi uguqule imethadatha yesithombe. I-Adobe Photoshop ne-Lightroom yizibonelo ezimbili ezidumile zesofthiwe esetshenziswa ochwepheshe bezithombe futhi inikeza izinketho ezithuthukisiwe zokubuka nokuhlela imethadatha. Lawa mathuluzi awusizo ikakhulukazi uma ufuna ukushintsha noma ukususa ulwazi olubucayi, njengendawo yendawo noma ilungelo lobunikazi besithombe.

13. Amathuluzi nesofthiwe yokubuka nokukhipha imethadatha yesithombe

Namuhla, kunamathuluzi ahlukahlukene nesofthiwe etholakalayo ukuze ubuke futhi ukhiphe imethadatha yesithombe ngempumelelo nangokunembile. Lawa mathuluzi abaluleke kakhulu kulabo abafuna ukwazi imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nesithombe, njengedethi yokuthwebula, imodeli yekhamera, indawo yendawo, nolunye ulwazi oluhlobene. Lapha sethula ezinye zezinketho ezidume kakhulu neziwusizo:

1. I-ExifTool: Leli ithuluzi lomugqa womyalo elikuvumela ukuthi ukhiphe futhi ubuke imethadatha ezithombeni ngamafomethi ahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa i-JPEG, TIFF, kanye ne-RAW. Nge-ExifTool, ungathola imininingwane enemininingwane yesithombe njengezilungiselelo zokuchayeka, indawo yokuvula, isivinini se-shutter, i-ISO, nokuningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka futhi ukuguqula imethadatha yezithombe.

2. I-Adobe Photoshop: Njengomunye wabahleli bezithombe abadume kakhulu, i-Adobe Photoshop ikunikeza inketho yokubuka nokukhipha imethadatha ezithombeni zakho. Ngaleli thuluzi, ungakwazi ukufinyelela imininingwane efana nosayizi wesithombe, isikhala sombala esisetshenzisiwe, inani lezendlalelo, phakathi kokunye. Kungenzeka futhi ukuguqula imethadatha ethile, njengesihloko sesithombe nencazelo.

3. Izithombe ze-Google: Lesi sikhungo sokugcinwa kwesithombe nenkundla yokuphatha sikuvumela ukuthi ubuke imethadatha yezithombe zakho. Ngaphezu kokukwazi ukubona imininingwane efana nosuku nendawo yokuthwebula, Izithombe ze-Google zinikeza izici ezengeziwe, njengenketho yokusesha izithombe ezithile ngamagama angukhiye noma omaka. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuthola nokuhlela izithombe zakho kahle.

Ngamafuphi, ukufinyelela kubalulekile kulabo abafuna ukuthola imininingwane enemininingwane ngesithombe. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebenzisa i-ExifTool, i-Adobe Photoshop noma i-Google Photos, lawa mathuluzi akunikeza ikhono lokufunda kabanzi mayelana nezithombe zakho futhi uzihlele kahle. Hlola lezi zinketho futhi uthole ukuthi ungathola kanjani okuningi kumethadatha yesithombe sakho.

14. Ukugcina ubumfihlo: indlela yokukhipha noma ukulungisa imethadatha esithombeni

Ukususa noma ukulungisa imethadatha yesithombe kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokuvikela ubumfihlo bethu emhlabeni wedijithali. Imethadatha idatha efihliwe eshumekwe ezithombeni esizithatha ngamakhamera noma omakhalekhukhwini bethu. Zihlanganisa ulwazi olufana nendawo lapho isithombe sithathwe khona, idethi nesikhathi, imodeli yekhamera, nolunye ulwazi lobuchwepheshe. Ukwabelana ngezithombe ku-inthanethi ngaphandle kokususa le methadatha kungabeka ubumfihlo bethu nokuvikeleka engcupheni.

Ukususa noma ukuguqula imethadatha yesithombe, kunezindlela namathuluzi ahlukene atholakalayo. Ngezansi isifundo sesinyathelo nesinyathelo esizokuqondisa kule nqubo:

• Isinyathelo 1: Vula isithombe kukhompuyutha yakho noma kudivayisi. Ungasebenzisa noma yiluphi uhlelo lokuhlela isithombe olusekela ukususa noma ukulungisa imethadatha, njenge-Photoshop, GIMP, noma i-Lightroom.
• Isinyathelo 2: Iya kumenyu ethi "Properties" noma "Ulwazi" yesithombe, kuye ngohlelo olusebenzisayo. Lapho uzothola imethadatha eshumekwe esithombeni.
• Isinyathelo 3: Hlola imethadatha bese unquma ukuthi iyiphi ofuna ukuyisusa noma ukuyishintsha. Isibonelo, ungasusa imininingwane yendawo ukuze uvikele ubumfihlo bakho.
• Isinyathelo 4: Sebenzisa izinketho zokuhlela zohlelo ukuze ususe noma uguqule imethadatha ekhethiwe. Ungazisusa ngokuphelele noma uziguqule zibe ulwazi olungamanga uma uthanda.
• Isinyathelo 5: Uma usuzenzile izinguquko zakho, londoloza isithombe ngemethadatha eshintshiwe noma ngaphandle kwemethadatha. Ungakhetha igama elisha lefayela noma ubhale phezu elokuqala.

Ukususa noma ukulungisa imethadatha yesithombe kubalulekile ukuze ulondoloze ubumfihlo nokuvikela ulwazi lomuntu siqu. Ngokulandela lezi zinyathelo ezilula, ungaqinisekisa ukuthi izithombe zakho eziku-inthanethi aziqukethe ulwazi olubucayi noma olulandelekayo. Khumbula ukwenza lokhu ngaphambi kokwabelana nganoma yisiphi isithombe ku-a inethiwekhi yokuxhumana nabantu noma inkundla ye-inthanethi ukuze ugweme izinkinga zobumfihlo ezingaba khona.

Sengiphetha, ukufunda ukubuka imethadatha yesithombe sekuyikhono elibalulekile kulabo abasebenza ngezithombe emkhakheni wezobuchwepheshe. Ikhono lokufinyelela olwazini olufihliwe ngaphakathi kwesithombe lisivumela ukuthi siqonde kangcono umsuka waso, idethi yokudalwa, izilungiselelo zekhamera, phakathi kweminye imininingwane ehlobene.

Kunamathuluzi ahlukahlukene kanye nezindlela zokubuka imethadatha yesithombe, kusukela kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile ukuya kwisofthiwe yokuhlela izithombe. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi, nakuba kungenzeka ukususa noma ukuguqula lolu lwazi, kubalulekile ukuhlonipha ubuqotho bemethadatha ukuze kugcinwe ukufaneleka kwayo nokuba wusizo.

Ukukhohlisa imethadatha yesithombe nakho kungaba nomthelela wezomthetho, ikakhulukazi uma kuza kubunikazi namalungelo empahla yobuhlakani. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise lolu lwazi ngokuzibophezela futhi ngezinjongo ezisemthethweni kuphela.

Ngamafuphi, ukwazi ukuthi ungayibuka kanjani imethadatha yesithombe kunganikeza umongo obalulekile nolwazi lobuchwepheshe, kokubili kochwepheshe emkhakheni wezithombe kanye nalabo abafuna ukuqonda kangcono umsuka nezici zesithombe. Ikhono lokufinyelela lolu lwazi olufihliwe lisisiza ukuthi sithuthukise umsebenzi wethu, siqinisekise ubuqiniso nokwethembeka kwezithombe.