Uyidala kanjani imizila ku-OpenStreetMap?
I-OpenStreetMap ingumthombo ovulekile, ithuluzi lemephu elihlanganyelwayo elivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bakhe futhi bahlele amamephu mahhala. Esinye sezici eziwusizo kakhulu ze-OpenStreetMap yikhono lokudala imizila yangokwezifiso, kungaba uhambo ngemoto, ibhayisikili, noma ngezinyawo. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola Igxathu emvakwe gxathu ungayidala kanjani imizila ku-OpenStreetMap, ukuze ukwazi ukusebenzisa ngokugcwele le nkundla yamamephu enamandla.
1. Ngena ngemvume ku-akhawunti yakhoOpenStreetMap.
Into yokuqala okudingeka uyenze ukungena ku-akhawunti yakho ye-OpenStreetMap. Uma ungakabi nayo i-akhawunti, ungayidala mahhala ekhasini lakhe lewebhu. I-akhawunti izokuvumela ukuthi ulondoloze imizila oyidalile futhi uyihlele ngokuzayo.
2. Khetha ithuluzi "lomzila".
Uma usungenile, bheka ithuluzi lomzila kusixhumi esibonakalayo se-OpenStreetMap. Leli thuluzi lizokuvumela ukuthi ulandele futhi udale imizila emisha kumephu. Ngokuvamile, itholakala ku ibha yamathuluzi noma kumenyu yokudonsela phansi yezinketho.
3. Khetha iphoyinti lokuqala nendawo oya kuyo
Uma usukhethile ithuluzi lokudala umzila, chofoza lapho uqala khona kumephu. Bese uchofoza endaweni oya kuyo futhi. Lokhu kuzodala umugqa oqondile phakathi kwamaphoyinti womabili, kodwa ngeke kube umzila olungiselelwe.
4. Lungisa futhi wenze ngendlela oyifisayo umzila
Manje njengoba usudale umzila oyisisekelo, ungawulungisa futhi uwenze ngendlela oyifisayo ngokuvumelana nezintandokazi zakho. Ungangeza izitobhi ezimaphakathi, ushintshe isiqondiso somzila, noma ukhethe inketho yomzila eshesha kakhulu noma enobuhle kakhulu. Hlola izinketho ezahlukene kanye nezilungiselelo ezitholakalayo ethuluzini lomzila ukuze uthole umphumela oyifunayo.
5. Londoloza futhi wabelane ngomzila wakho
Uma usujabule ngomzila odaliwe, wulondoloze ku-akhawunti yakho ye-OpenStreetMap. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi ufinyelele umzila ngokuzayo, futhi wabelane ngawo nabanye abasebenzisi noma uyikhiphe ngamafomethi ahlukahlukene. I-OpenStreetMap iphinde inikeze inketho yokwengeza amazwana engeziwe noma amanothi emzileni wakho, okungaba usizo uma ufuna ukunikeza izikhombisi-ndlela ezinemininingwane noma ulwazi olwengeziwe.
Ngamafuphi, i-OpenStreetMap inikeza indlela yamahhala nelula yokudala imizila yangokwezifiso. Ngokulandela izinyathelo ezishiwo ngenhla, uzokwazi ukuhlela futhi ulungise imizila yakho ku-OpenStreetMap, okukuvumela ukuthi uhlole izindawo ezintsha futhi wabelane ngokutholile nomphakathi womhlaba wamamephu. Ungaphuthelwa yithuba lokusebenzisa lokhu ithuluzi elibalulekile lokwenza imephu ngokubambisana!
- Isingeniso se-OpenStreetMap nokubaluleka kwayo ekudaleni imizila
I-OpenStreetMap iyinkundla yamahhala, esebenzisanayo yokwenza imephu evumela noma ubani ukuthi akhe futhi ahlele amamephu kalula. Ngokungafani namamephu endabuko, okungawazinkampani ezizimele, i-OpenStreetMap isuselwe ekusebenzisaneni kwezinkulungwane zabasebenzisi emhlabeni jikelele abahlinzeka ngedatha yendawo.
Ukubaluleka kwe-OpenStreetMap kusemandleni ayo okukhiqiza imizila enembile nesesikhathini samanje ngesikhathi sangempela. Besebenzisa lolu hlelo, abasebenzisi bangakha imizila yomuntu siqu ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zabo, noma ukuhlela uhambo, ukuthola umzila ongcono kakhulu wokuhamba ngezinyawo noma wamabhayisikili, noma ngisho nokuthuthukisa ukuhanjiswa kwempahla yokuthumela. Konke lokhu sibonga ibhange elikhulu ledatha yendawo etholakala ku-OpenStreetMap.
Ukudala imizila ku-OpenStreetMap kuyinqubo elula uma kuqhathaniswa. Okokuqala, udinga ukujwayelana nesixhumi esibonakalayo sokuhlela imephu yeplathifomu. Amathuluzi ahlukahlukene nemisebenzi ingase isetshenziselwe ukwengeza amaphuzu entshisakalo, imigwaqo, nezinye izici zendawo kumzila owuthandayo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi i-OpenStreetMap iyinkundla yokusebenzisana, ngakho imizila ekhona ingabuye ilungiswe futhi ithuthukiswe, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi nokunemba kwedatha.
- Amathuluzi ayisisekelo wokwenza imizila ku-OpenStreetMap
Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa nge amathuluzi ayisisekelo ongayisebenzisa ukudala imizila kuyo I-OpenStreetMap. I-OpenStreetMap iphrojekthi ehlanganyelwayo evumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bakhe futhi bahlele amamephu mahhala. Ngalawa mathuluzi, uzokwazi ukulandelela imizila futhi wengeze imininingwane enemininingwane kumamephu we-OpenStreetMap ngendlela elula nefinyelelekayo kuwo wonke umuntu.
Ithuluzi lokuhlela le-OpenStreetMap: Ithuluzi elikhulu ozolidinga ukuze udale imizila ku-OpenStreetMap lingelalo ithuluzi lokuhlela. Ungafinyelela kuyo ngeyakho iwebhusayithi futhi kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa. Leli thuluzi likuvumela ukuthi uhlele futhi uhlele imigwaqo, izindlela, nezinye izici zemephu. Ungakwazi ukwengeza ama-waypoint, amalebula, nemininingwane eyengeziwe ukuze wenze imizila yakho iphelele futhi inembe kakhudlwana.
Ama-plugin we-OpenStreetMap: I-OpenStreetMap nayo inochungechunge lwe ama-plugin ongayisebenzisa ukwenza lula ukudalwa kwemizila. Lawa ma-plugin ayizandiso ezengeza izici ezengeziwe ethuluzini lokuhlela eliyinhloko. Amanye alawa ma-plugin akuvumela ukuthi ungenise idatha kusuka ku-GPS, ulinganise amabanga phakathi kwamaphoyinti, wengeze izithombe futhi udale namaphrofayili okuphakama. Hlola ama-plugin ahlukene atholakalayo bese ukhetha lawo awusizo kakhulu ngezidingo zakho zokudala umzila.
- Ungeza kanjani imigwaqo emikhulu neyesibili ku-OpenStreetMap
Ungeza kanjani imigwaqo emikhulu neyesibili ku-OpenStreetMap
Ku-OpenStreetMap, kungenzeka engeza imigwaqo emikhulu neyesibili ukuthuthukisa ukunemba kwemephu kanye nokuhlinzeka ngolwazi lwakamuva lwemizila ekhona. Ukuze uqale, kufanele ufinyelele inkundla bese ukhetha ithuluzi elihle lokuhlela. Ungakwazi ke ukuhlela bese ulebula imigwaqo eyinhloko kanye nemincane usebenzisa isihleli semephu.
Ukwengeza imigwaqo emikhulu, kufanele uqale ngokukhomba izindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu endaweni ofuna ukuhlela kuyo. Sebenzisa izithombe zesathelayithi noma uhambo lomuntu siqu ukuze uthole umbono ocacile wendawo. Okulandelayo, khetha ithuluzi lokuhlela bese uhlela umgwaqo omkhulu kumephu, ulandele indlela yangempela yomgwaqo. Qiniseka ukuthi ulebula ngendlela efanele umgwaqo omkhulu ngelebula elifanele, njengokuthi “primary” noma “trunk,” kuye ngokubaluleka komgwaqo.
Uma usungeze i- imigwaqo emikhulu, kuyancomeka futhi ukuthi ufake imigwaqo yesibili ukuthola imephu ephelele nenembe kakhudlwana. Lena imigwaqo emincane ehlanganisa izindawo zokuhlala, ezohwebo noma zasemakhaya. Ukuze ungeze imigwaqo yesibili, khetha ithuluzi lokuhlela bese uhlela indlela kumephu, wenze isiqiniseko sokuthi ucabangela ukuhlangana nokuxhumana neminye imigwaqo. Engeza amalebula afanelekile, njengokuthi »kwesibili» noma «imfundo ephakeme», kuye ngezinga lokubaluleka komgwaqo kunethiwekhi yomgwaqo.
Hlala ukhumbula ukuhlola futhi ulungise umsebenzi wakho ngaphambi kokwenza izinguquko ku-OpenStreetMap. Kubalulekile ukugcina imithetho yokulebula engqondweni futhi usebenzise izigaba ezifanele emigwaqweni emikhulu neyesibili. Ngokungeza ulwazi olunembile mayelana nale mizila, uzobe ubamba iqhaza ekumeleleni okungcono kwenethiwekhi yemigwaqo ku-OpenStreetMap, okuzuzisa umphakathi futhi kube lula ukuzulazula ezigidini zabasebenzisi emhlabeni jikelele.
- Ukubaluleka kwezimpawu zomgwaqo ekudaleni imizila enembile
Ukubaluleka kwezibaluli zethrekhi ekudaleni imizila enembile
Ukunemba ekudalweni komzilangaphakathi I-OpenStreetMap Kuncike kakhulu ezicini zezindlela ezisetshenzisiwe. Lezi zibaluli zihlinzeka ngolwazi olubalulekile mayelana nezici zomgwaqo, njengohlobo lomgwaqo, isivinini esivunyelwe esiphezulu, nemikhawulo yokujika. Ngokunikeza izibaluli ezifanele emizileni, imizila enembayo ingakhiqizwa ngokuya ngezidingo zokuzulazula zabasebenzisi.
Isibaluli esiyinhloko esithonya ukunemba komzila i uhlobo lomgwaqo.Lesi sibaluli sichaza ukuthi umgwaqo unguthelawayeka, umgwaqo omkhulu noma umgwaqo ohlala abantu, phakathi kokunye. Ukukhetha uhlobo lomgwaqo olufanele kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umzila okhiqiziwe unembile futhi ulungele uhlobo lwemoto noma indlela yokuthutha esetshenziswayo. Isibonelo, uma umsebenzisi efuna ukuthola umzila wemoto esindayo, kubalulekile ukuthi imigwaqo ekhethiwe ilufanele lolo hlobo lwemoto futhi ingafaki imigwaqo emincane noma imigwaqo enemikhawulo yobude.
Ngaphezu kohlobo lomgwaqo, ezinye izici ezibalulekile yi isivinini esiphezulu kanye ne ukuguqula imikhawulo. Isivinini esiphezulu sisiza ukubala isikhathi sokuhamba esilinganiselwe futhi sinquma okuncanyelwayo kwemizila ekhiqiziwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imikhawulo yokujika ibalulekile ukugwema imizila ehlanganisa amajika angagunyaziwe noma ayingozi. Lezi zibaluli zenza kube nokwenzeka ukukhiqiza imizila enembe kakhudlwana nephephile, ukwandisa isikhathi sokuhamba nokugwema izimo ezingakhululekile noma eziyingozi. kubasebenzisi.
- Amathiphu wokwengeza amaphuzu athakazelisayo nezinkomba emzileni
Amathiphu okwengeza amaphuzu athakazelisayo nezithenjwa emzileni
1) Sebenzisa izigaba ezithile: Uma udala umzila ku-OpenStreetMap, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izigaba ezithile ukuze kwengezwe izindawo onentshisekelo kuzo nezimpawu zendawo. Lokhu kwenza kube lula kubasebenzisi ukuthi bazulazule futhi baseshe, futhi kusiza ukugcina ukungaguquguquki. epulatifomu. Ezinye izigaba ezijwayelekile zihlanganisa izindawo zokudlela, izitolo, izibhedlela, nezindawo eziheha izivakashi. Qiniseka ukuthi ukhetha isigaba esifanele sephuzu ngalinye bese ubhekisela kulo ngendlela efanele.
2) Engeza ulwazi olufanele: Ngaphezu kokwengeza amaphuzu athakazelisayo namareferensi emzileni, kubalulekile ukwengeza ulwazi olufanele olungaba usizo kubasebenzisi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa imininingwane efana namahora okuvula, izinombolo zocingo, izixhumanisi zokuya amawebhusayithi kanye nemibono evela kubasebenzisi bangaphambilini. Khumbula ukuthi ulwazi olunembile nolwakamuva lubalulekile ekunikezeni ulwazi olusebenzayo lomsebenzisi. Thatha isikhathi sokucwaninga futhi uqinisekise ulwazi ngaphambi kokulungeza emzileni.
3) Sebenzisa amathuluzi okuqinisekisa: Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izindawo ozithakaselayo nezimpawu zomhlaba ozingezile zinembile futhi zisendaweni efanele, sincoma ukuthi usebenzise amathuluzi okuqinisekisa ku-OpenStreetMap, njenge-StreetComplete. Lolu hlelo lokusebenza lweselula likuvumela ukuthi uqinisekise ulwazi olukhona futhi ugcwalise izikhala kusizindalwazi. Ukwengeza, ungasebenzisa Isibukeli sesithombe se-Mapilary ukuze ubuke izithombe ezithathwe yiso abanye abasebenzisi futhi uhlole ukuthi iphuzu lesithakazelo lisasebenza yini. Lawa mathuluzi azokusiza ukuthi uthuthukise ikhwalithi nokunemba kwemizila ku-OpenStreetMap.
Khumbula ukulandela lawa macebiso ngokudala imizila ku-OpenStreetMap nokunikeza isipiliyoni somsebenzisi esibalulekile. Sebenzisa izigaba ezithile, engeza ulwazi olufanele, futhi usebenzise amathuluzi okuqinisekisa ukuze uqinisekise ukunemba kanye nekhwalithi yemizila. I-OpenStreetMap iyinkundla yokusebenzisana, ngakho ungakhohlwa ukwabelana ngolwazi lwakho futhi unikele emphakathini!
– Ukusetshenziswa kwamanodi nobudlelwano ukuze ukumelwa okuphelele kwendlela
Ukusebenzisa amanodi nobudlelwano ukuze uthole ukumelwa okuphelele kwendlela
Ku-OpenStreetMap, singakha imizila enemininingwane sisebenzisa ama-node nobudlelwano. I ama-node Amaphuzu ezindawo kumephu, amele izindawo ezifana nezimpambanomgwaqo, amajika, nanoma iyiphi iphoyinti elibalulekile emzileni. I-node ngayinye inesihlonzi esiyingqayizivele futhi indawo yayo ngqo igcinwa, kanye nezinye izimfanelo uma kudingeka.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i- ubudlelwano Asetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa ama-node futhi adale ukumelela okuphelele komzila. Ubudlelwano bungaba yizinhlobo ezahlukene, njengokuthi "indlela eyinhloko" equkethe wonke amanodi ngokulandelana, noma "enye indlela" engasetshenziswa esikhundleni seyona eyinhloko. Omaka bangaphinde bangezwe ebudlelwaneni ukuze kucaciswe ulwazi olwengeziwe, njengohlobo lomgwaqo noma imikhawulo yawo yokufinyelela.
Ukwakha umzila ku-OpenStreetMap, simane sikhethe amanodi afanele endleleni bese siwaxhuma sisebenzisa ubudlelwano. Uma kudingeka, singakwazi futhi ukwengeza ulwazi olwengeziwe kumanodi, njengamagama emigwaqo noma amakheli. Uma umzila usuqediwe, singakwazi ukulondoloza izinguquko futhi sinikele ngomnikelo wethu kumphakathi wamamephu ohlanganyelwe.
- Ukuhlola nokulungisa amaphutha emizileni edalwe ku-OpenStreetMap
Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa nge ukuhlola nokulungisa amaphutha emizileni edalwe ku-OpenStreetMap. Njengoba sazi, I-OpenStreetMap iyinkundla yokusebenzisana eku-inthanethi evumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bakhe futhi bahlele amamephu. Iwumthombo obalulekile wedatha, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube namaphutha emizileni edwetshwa abasebenzisi. Ngenhlanhla, kukhona amathuluzi atholakalayo asivumela ukuthi sithole futhi silungise lawa maphutha. ngempumelelo.
Enye yezindlela ezijwayeleke kakhulu yokuhlola nokulungisa amaphutha omzila ku-OpenStreetMap ukusebenzisa i- I-ID Editor, okuyithuluzi elihlanganiswe kuwebhusayithi ye-OpenStreetMap. Ngalo mhleli, abasebenzisi bangafinyelela idatha yemephu futhi benze izinguquko futhi bahlele. I-iD Editor ibonisa imizila edalwe abasebenzisi ngendlela yemigqa, futhi abasebenzisi bangahlola ngokucophelela le mizila ukuze babheke amaphutha angaba khona. Amanye amaphutha avamile ahlanganisa imizila engayilandeli indlela yangempela noma imizila egqagqene neminye imizila ekhona.
Enye indlela yokuhlola nokulungisa amaphutha emizileni ukusebenzisa amathuluzi angaphandle itholakala ku-inthanethi. Lawa mathuluzi anikeza izici ezithuthuke kakhulu zokuhlola amaphutha nokulungiswa. Isibonelo, kukhona amathuluzi angathola futhi alungise amaphutha e-topology, njengokuxhumana okungalungile noma ukugqagqana okungafunwa phakathi kwemizila. Amanye amathuluzi aphinde ahlinzeke ngemisebenzi yokuhlaziya ukuhlonza imizila okungenzeka ayinembile noma idinga ukuthuthukiswa. Lawa mathuluzi awusizo ikakhulukazi kubasebenzisi abanolwazi olunzulu abafuna ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi nokunemba kwemizila ku-OpenStreetMap.
- Izincomo zokubambisana ngempumelelo ekudaleni imizila ku-OpenStreetMap
Imizila eku-OpenStreetMap ibalulekile ekuzulazuleni nasekuhleleni uhambo. Ukudala imizila esebenzayo, kubalulekile ukulandela izincomo ezithile ezibalulekile. Okokuqala, qiniseka ukuthi une-akhawunti ye-OpenStreetMap futhi ungenile. Bese, sebenzisa ithuluzi elihle lokuhlela ukuhlela imizila, kungaba i-JOSM, i-ID noma omunye umhleli owuthandayo. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi ufinyelele kuyo yonke imisebenzi edingekayo ukuze udale futhi uguqule imizila ye indlela ephumelelayo.
Endaweni yesibiliNjalo qinisekisa futhi usebenzisa idatha enembile yendawo lapho udala imizila ku-OpenStreetMap. Sebenzisa izithombe zesathelayithi, izithombe zasemhlabeni nanoma iyiphi enye insiza ekunikeza ulwazi oluthembekile nolwakamuva. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ubuqiniso nokunemba kwemizila, okubalulekile ekuzulazuleni okusebenzayo.
Ekugcineni, isebenzisana nomphakathi we-OpenStreetMap ukuze kuthuthukiswe imizila ekhona futhi yakhe emisha. Bamba iqhaza kumaforamu, amaqembu ezingxoxo nemicimbi ehlobene nenkundla yokwabelana ngolwazi lwakho futhi ufunde kwabanye abahlanganyeli. Futhi, ungakhohlwa ukulebula ngendlela efanele imizila yakho futhi wengeze ulwazi olufanele, olufana nezindawo ozithandayo, imikhawulo yesivinini, neminye imininingwane ewusizo yabasebenzisi be-OpenStreetMap.
Ngingu-Sebastián Vidal, unjiniyela wekhompyutha ozifelayo ngobuchwepheshe kanye ne-DIY. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngingumdali we tecnobits.com, lapho ngabelana khona ngezifundo zokwenza ubuchwepheshe bufinyeleleke kakhudlwana futhi buqonde wonke umuntu.