Ungawumisa kanjani u-lava?

Ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo kungenye yezinhlekelele zemvelo ezibhubhisa kakhulu umuntu angabhekana nazo. Ngaphakathi kwalo monakalo, i-lava ingenye yezinsongo eziyinhloko, ecekela phansi yonke into esendleleni yayo futhi ibeka imingcele enzima emisebenzini yokuhlenga nokuhlenga. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola umbuzo othakazelisayo: "Kanjani misa udaka"? "

Amasu okumisa ukugeleza kwe-lava ngokuvamile ayingozi, ayabiza futhi awasebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Nokho, intuthuko yesayensi nezobuchwepheshe iye yaletha izixazululo ezingase zibe khona. Kwe Ukupholisa ngempoqo izindonga zokugcina, sizohlola amasu ahlukahlukene ososayensi nabaphathi bezinhlekelele abaye bawacabangela futhi bawahlola esikhathini esidlule. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi le ndatshana ihloselwe ukunikeza ulwazi olujwayelekile futhi akufanele ithathwe njengeseluleko sesayensi noma sobuchwepheshe.

Qonda ungayimisa kanjani i-lava Akusizi kuphela kulabo abasebenza ekuphathweni kwezimo eziphuthumayo, kodwa futhi kunoma ubani onentshisekelo ekusebenzeni kweplanethi yethu kanye nezinselele ezibangelwa izinhlekelele zemvelo.

Izixazululo ezingenzeka zokumisa ukugeleza kwe-lava

Indlela yokuqala ye ukulawula udaka Kuhilela ukwakhiwa kwezithiyo ezibonakalayo eziqondisa ukugeleza kwe-lava kude nezindawo ezihlala abantu noma ezibalulekile. Lezi zithiyo zingenziwa ngezinto ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise namatshe, inhlabathi, futhi, kwezinye izimo, ngisho nosimende. Izithiyo zingasebenza, kodwa impumelelo yazo incike kakhulu ezintweni ezifana nesivinini kanye ne-viscosity ye-lava, kanye ne-topography yendawo. Ukuze ujule ekusebenzeni kwezithiyo zomzimba, ungafunda isihloko sethu esinemininingwane mayelana izithiyo zomzimba ngokumelene ne-lava.

Elinye isu lokumisa ukuqhubekela phambili kwe-lava ukupholisa ngempoqo. Le ndlela ihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi amaningi, okungaba avela emithonjeni yemvelo efana nolwandle noma imifula, noma ngokusebenzisa amapayipi namaphampu amanzi. Umgomo uwukupholisa nokuqinisa udaka lwentaba-mlilo, luguqule lube yidwala futhi ngaleyo ndlela lumise ukuqhubeka kwalo. Kodwa-ke, leli su lingaba yingozi ngenxa yamathuba okukhiqiza ukuqhuma kwesitimu futhi lidinga umthamo omkhulu wamanzi, okungenzeka kungenzeki noma kube yingozi ezimeni zokushoda kwamanzi.

Ekugcineni, indlela yetiyori, kodwa okuye kwaxoxwa ngayo emibuthanweni yesayensi, ukusetshenziswa kwe iziqhumane. Umqondo ungaba ukusebenzisa iziqhumane ukuze kubhodlozwe ipayipi le-lava, ngaleyo ndlela kuchezukise ukugeleza kwe-lava ezindaweni lapho kungase kungabi yingozi kangako. Leli qhinga, uma lilandelwa, liletha izingozi ezisobala nezibalulekile, futhi akucaci ukuthi lingaba ngokoqobo noma liphumelele esimweni somhlaba wangempela. Ukwengeza, kunemithelela yesimilo nezomthetho okufanele icatshangelwe ekusebenziseni iziqhumane ukulawula udaka. Kunoma yikuphi, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lezi yizixazululo ezingenzeka futhi zingaphansi kocwaningo nokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo.

Ubuchwepheshe obusha bokuqukatha i-lava

Ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo kungenye yezinto zemvelo ezishaqisayo nezicekela phansi kakhulu ezikhona. Nokho, sibonga ubuchwepheshe obusha, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa amasu okuqukatha umthelela wawo. Esinye sezixazululo ezithembisayo sisekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwezithiyo zomzimba ukumisa ukugeleza kwe-lava. Lezi zithiyo zingakhiwa ngezinto ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise namadwala, ukungcola, nezinye izinto ezikwazi ukumelana nokushisa.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isixazululo sesimanje futhi esisebenzayo ukusetshenziswa kwe amanzi ayiqhwa ukuqinisa udaka. Le nqubo ihlanganisa ukufafaza amanzi amaningi abandayo ekugelezeni kwe-lava ukuze iphole futhi iqinise ngokushesha, efana ukuthi ukuchitheka kwamafutha kuqukethwe kanjani. Kuyafaneleka ukubalula ukuthi le ndlela idinga amanzi amaningi, okungaba inselele ezindaweni ezikhahlamezeke isomiso.

Okokugcina, isixazululo sakamuva nesakusasa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwe ama-drones ukuqondisa udaka. Ama-drones afakwe ubuchwepheshe bokupholisa angandiza phezu kokugeleza kwe-lava futhi afafaze amanzi abandayo noma amakhemikhali ezindaweni zamasu, aqondise ukugeleza kwe-lava kude nezindawo ezinabantu abaningi. Nakuba le nqubo isathuthukiswa, ithembisa ukuba yithuluzi elibalulekile lokulawula izinhlekelele zentaba-mlilo esikhathini esizayo.

Isiphetho: Ukuhlela nokuvimbela ngokumelene nodaka

Ukuze ulwe nemiphumela elimazayo yodaka lodaka, kubalulekile ukuthatha isinyathelo ngaphambi kokuba kuqhume ukuqhuma. Ukuhlela nokuvimbela Bangcono kakhulu ukuzivikela ekuqhumeni kwentaba-mlilo nokugeleza kwe-lava. Ngisho nezindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu zizokwazi kuphela ukubambezela noma ukuguqula ukugeleza kwe-lava isikhathi esilinganiselwe. Kulesi sigaba, imfundo kanye nokuqwashisa umphakathi kubalulekile ukuze kuncishiswe ubungozi. Imiphakathi ehlala eduze nezintaba-mlilo kufanele yaziswe kahle mayelana nokuthi yenzeni uma kwenzeka kuba nokuqhuma okuseduze nokuthi yiziphi izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuphuma.

Ukwenza imephu nokuqapha njalo izintaba-mlilo ezisaqhuma kubalulekile kulokhu kuhlela. Ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obufana nama-seismometers, izitholi zegesi nesithombe sesathelayithi kunganikeza ingcebo yolwazi. Ukwazi izindlela zomlando zokugeleza kwe-lava kungasiza ekubikezeleni inkambo yokuqhuma kwesikhathi esizayo, kwenze izinhlelo zokuphuma kanye nezinyathelo zokuvikela zibekwe kusengaphambili. Ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nokuqapha intaba-mlilo, ungabuyekeza isihloko sethu esithi “Indlela izintaba-mlilo ezigadwa ngayo” kulesi sixhumanisi: ukuthi izintaba-mlilo zigadwa kanjani

Okokugcina, kumele kubhekwe nengqalasizinda. Izakhiwo eziqinile eziklanyelwe ukumelana nodaka kanye nezindlela zokubaleka ezinakekelwa kahle zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha kwemiphakathi. Ukutshalwa kwezimali kwingqalasizinda kanye nezindlela zokuvimbela kuvela kakhulu kohulumeni futhi kudinga ukuthathwa kwezinqumo zesikhathi eside, okusekelwe ekuqondeni okucacile kwengozi yentaba-mlilo. Nakuba singeke sikwazi ukumisa udaka, ukutshala isikhathi nezinsiza ekuvimbeleni nasekuhleleni kungasindisa izimpilo futhi kunciphise umonakalo.