Ungayivikela kanjani i-PC yakho kubaduni

Esikhathini sedijithali Namuhla, lapho ulwazi luhlala lusengcupheni yokwephulwa nokusetshenziswa kabi, ukuvikela i-PC yakho kubaduni sekuwumsebenzi oyinhloko. Ukuhlasela kwe-Cyberattas kuthuthuke kakhulu, njengoba izigebengu ze-inthanethi ziba nezindlela zokungena ezithuthuke kakhulu. Kungakho ukuba nolwazi oludingekayo ukuze uvikele ukuphepha kwekhompyutha yakho kubalulekile. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola amasu amakhulu nezinyathelo zobuchwepheshe ezizokusiza uvikele i-PC yakho kubaduni futhi ugcine idatha yakho yomuntu siqu iphephile. Lungela ukuqinisa izikhali zakho zedijithali futhi ubhekane nezinselelo zomhlaba we-cyber ngokuzethemba!

1. Isingeniso sokuvikela i-PC yakho kubaduni

Isivikelo kusuka ku-PC yakho ngokumelene nabaduni Kuyinkinga enkulu enkathini yedijithali. Njengoba kukhula ukuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi, kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kohlelo lwakho kanye nobumfihlo bedatha yakho. Ngenhlanhla, kunemikhuba namathuluzi amaningana ongawasebenzisa ukuvikela i-PC yakho kubahlaseli abangaba khona.

Esinye sezinyathelo zokuqala ezibalulekile okufanele uzithathe ukuvuselela njalo isistimu esebenzayo kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ku-PC yakho. Izibuyekezo zesofthiwe ngokuvamile zihlanganisa amapeshi okuvikela alungisa ubungozi obaziwayo. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa isofthiwe enhle ye-antivirus futhi uyigcine ibuyekeziwe. Le softhiwe ingathola futhi isuse uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha okungenzeka ukuthi lufakwe ku-PC yakho ngaphandle kolwazi lwakho.

Esinye isinyathelo sokuvikela esibalulekile ukusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo aqinile, ahlukile kuma-akhawunti akho aku-inthanethi. Gwema ukusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo asobala noma alula ukuqagela, njengokuthi "12345" noma "iphasiwedi." Kunalokho, sebenzisa inhlanganisela yezinhlamvu, izinombolo, nezinhlamvu ezikhethekile. Futhi, ungalokothi wabelane nabanye ngamaphasiwedi akho futhi ucabange ukusebenzisa isiphathi sephasiwedi ukuze uhlele futhi uvikele imininingwane yakho yokungena.

2. Yazi izinsongo ezinkulu ezibhekene ne-PC yakho

Namuhla, amakhompyutha ethu abhekene nezinsongo eziningi ezingafaka engozini ubumfihlo bethu nokuphepha ku-inthanethi. Kubalulekile ukwaziswa ngalezi zinsongo ukuze sithathe izinyathelo zokuphepha ezidingekayo futhi sivikele i-PC yethu. Kulesi sigaba, sizokwethula izinsongo ezinkulu ezibhekene ne-PC yakho futhi sikunikeze ulwazi namathiphu okumelana nazo.

Enye yezinsongo ezivame kakhulu ukuba khona kohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, oluhlanganisa amagciwane, inhloli, i-ransomware, nezinye izinhlelo ezinonya. Lokhu kungangena ku-PC yakho ngokulandwa kwamafayela angenwe yileli gciwane, ama-imeyili obugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, noma amawebhusayithi asengozini. Kubalulekile ukuba nesofthiwe evikela amagciwane enhle, esesikhathini samanje kanye ne-anti-malware, uhlole njalo, futhi uqaphe lapho ulanda amafayela noma uchofoza izixhumanisi ezisolisayo.

Olunye usongo olukhulu ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kudatha yakho yomuntu siqu. Izigebengu ze-inthanethi zingazama ukuntshontsha imininingwane yakho ebucayi, njengamaphasiwedi, imininingwane yasebhange noma izinombolo zekhadi lesikweletu. Ukuze uzivikele, qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa amaphasiwedi aqinile, ahlukile ku-akhawunti ngayinye, nika amandla ukufakazela ubuqiniso izici ezimbili noma nini lapho kungenzeka futhi ugweme ukufaka imininingwane yomuntu kumawebhusayithi angavikelekile. Ukwengeza, kuyatuseka ukusebenzisa inethiwekhi yangasese ebonakalayo (VPN) lapho uxhuma ku-inthanethi, ikakhulukazi kumanethiwekhi omphakathi.

3. Ukuqinisa ukuphepha kohlelo lwakho lokusebenza

Kubalulekile ukuqinisa ukuphepha kwe uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza ukuyivikela ekuhlaselweni okungenzeka futhi uqinisekise ukusebenza kahle kwemishini yakho. Ngezansi kukhona izincomo nezinyathelo ongazisebenzisa ukuze uthuthukise ukuphepha kwesistimu yakho:

1. Gcina uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza lubuyekeziwe: Kubalulekile ukufaka izibuyekezo zokuphepha namapeshi anikezwe umenzi wesistimu yakho yokusebenza. Lezi zibuyekezo ngokuvamile zilungisa ubungozi obaziwayo futhi zithuthukise ukuvikeleka kosongo.

2. Sebenzisa i-antivirus kanye nesixazululo se-antimalware: Faka futhi ubuyekeze njalo i-antivirus ethembekile nohlelo lohlelo olungayilungele ikhompyutha. Lawa mathuluzi angathola futhi asuse amagciwane, uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, nezinye izinsongo, ngaleyo ndlela avikele isistimu yakho ekuhlaselweni okungase kube khona.

3. Lungiselela i-firewall: Ukusebenzisa i-firewall kungasiza ukuvimba ukuxhumana okungafunwa futhi kuvimbele ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe ohlelweni lwakho lokusebenza. Lungiselela i-firewall ukuze uvumele ukuxhumana okudingekayo kuphela futhi uvimbele zonke ezinye.

4. Amathiphu okugcina isofthiwe yakho ivuselelwe futhi ivikelekile

Ukugcina isofthiwe yakho ibuyekeziwe kubalulekile ukuze uqinisekise ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle kwamasistimu akho. Nawa amanye amathiphu angakusiza ukuthi ugcine isofthiwe yakho isesikhathini futhi ivikelekile ezingozini ezingaba khona.

1. Yenza izibuyekezo ezivamile: Kubalulekile ukuthi wazi izibuyekezo ezitholakalayo zesofthiwe yakho futhi uzifake ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Lezi zibuyekezo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa amapeshi okuvikela nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza. Izinhlelo eziningi zinenketho yokuvuselela okuzenzakalelayo, okuzokwenza le nqubo ibe lula kuwe.

2. Sebenzisa isofthiwe esemthethweni nethembekile: Gwema ukulanda isofthiwe emithonjeni engathembekile, njengoba lezi zinhlelo zingaqukatha uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha noma amagciwane afaka engozini ukuvikeleka kwamasistimu akho. Ngaso sonke isikhathi landa isofthiwe kumawebhusayithi asemthethweni onjiniyela futhi uqinisekise ukuthi okulandiwe kusayindwe ngedijithali.

5. Ukuvikela uxhumano lwakho lwe-inthanethi ekungeneni

Ukuvikela uxhumano lwakho lwe-inthanethi ekungeneni kubalulekile ukuze uqinisekise ukuvikeleka kwedatha yakho futhi ugcine ubumfihlo bakho ku-inthanethi. Nazi ezinye izinyathelo ongazithatha ukuze uvikele uxhumano lwakho:

1. Sebenzisa i-firewall ethembekile: I-firewall iyithuluzi elibalulekile lokuvikela inethiwekhi yakho ekuhlaselweni kwangaphandle. Qiniseka ukuthi unika amandla futhi ulungisa i-firewall yesistimu yakho yokusebenza ngendlela efanele, futhi ucabange ukufaka enye i-firewall kumzila wakho.

2. Buyekeza njalo amadivayisi akho kanye nesoftware: Izibuyekezo zokuphepha ngokuvamile zibhekana nokuba sengozini okwaziwayo kumadivayisi nesofthiwe. Hlala njalo ugcine uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza, iziphequluli zewebhu kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza kubuyekeziwe ukuze ugweme ukwephulwa kokuphepha okungenzeka.

3. Sebenzisa uxhumano oluphephile: Noma nini lapho kunokwenzeka, sebenzisa ukuxhumana okubethelwe ukuze uvikele idatha yakho kwezokuthutha. Sebenzisa amaphrothokholi avikelekile njenge-HTTPS lapho uphequlula amawebhusayithi futhi ugweme ukuxhuma kumanethiwekhi omphakathi we-Wi-Fi angavikelekile. Futhi, cabanga ukusetha i-VPN (inethiwekhi yangasese ebonakalayo) ukuze ubethele wonke umsebenzi wakho we-inthanethi.

6. Ungawakhetha kanjani amaphasiwedi aqinile futhi uvikele idatha yakho yomuntu siqu

Uma kuziwa ekukhetheni amaphasiwedi aqinile, kubalulekile ukugcina amathiphu ambalwa engqondweni ukuze uvikele idatha yakho yomuntu siqu. Iphasiwedi eqinile ibalulekile ukuze uvimbele ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kanye nokugebenga okungaba khona. Ngezansi eminye imihlahlandlela ebalulekile okufanele uyilandele:

• Ubude: Khetha amagama ayimfihlo anezinhlamvu okungenani eziyisi-8, kodwa isikhathi eside kuba ngcono. Umkhuba omuhle ukusebenzisa inhlanganisela yezinhlamvu (izinhlamvu ezinkulu nezincane), izinombolo, nezinhlamvu ezikhethekile.
• Gwema ulwazi lomuntu siqu: Gwema ukusebenzisa ulwazi lomuntu siqu olusobala, njengegama lakho, isibongo, usuku lokuzalwa, noma amagama ezilwane ezifuywayo. Le datha itholakala kalula futhi ingenza kube lula ukufinyelela.
• Ungasebenzisi amagama ayimfihlo ajwayelekile: Gwema ukusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo alula ukuqagela njengokuthi “123456” noma “iphasiwedi.” Laba bangabokuqala abaduni abazozama.

Ngokungeziwe ekukhetheni amaphasiwedi aqinile, udinga ukuthatha ezinye izinyathelo zokuvikela idatha yakho yomuntu siqu. Nazi ezinye izincomo ezengeziwe:

• Ukuqinisekiswa kwe izici ezimbili: Nika amandla ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezimbili noma nini lapho kunokwenzeka. Lokhu kwengeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuphepha ngokudinga ikhodi ethunyelwe kufoni yakho noma ekhelini le-imeyili ukuze ungene ngemvume.
• Buyekeza amaphasiwedi akho njalo: Ungasebenzisi igama-mfihlo elifanayo kuzo zonke izinsiza zakho ze-inthanethi futhi uzibuyekeze njalo. Lokhu kuzonciphisa amathuba okuba isisulu sokuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi.
• Sebenzisa umphathi wephasiwedi: Cabangela ukusebenzisa isiphathi sephasiwedi esithembekile ukuze ugcine futhi ukhiqize amaphasiwedi aqinile. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi ukhumbule wonke amaphasiwedi akho ngaphandle kokufaka engozini ukuphepha kwawo.

Ukugcina idatha yakho yomuntu siqu ivikelekile kubalulekile esikhathini sedijithali. Ukulandela lawa macebiso, uzokwazi ukukhetha amaphasiwedi aqinile futhi uvikele idatha yakho yomuntu siqu ngempumelelo kakhulu. Hlala ukhumbula ukunaka izincomo zakamuva zokuphepha futhi ugcine amasistimu akho evuselelwe ukuze ugweme izingozi ezingadingekile.

7. Ukubaluleka kokusebenzisa isivikeli magciwane kanye nesofthiwe ye-antimalware

Uma siphequlula i-inthanethi noma sisebenzisa ikhompuyutha yethu, sichayeka ezingozini ezihlukahlukene ezifana namagciwane kanye nohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha olungalimaza uhlelo lwethu futhi lufake engcupheni ubumfihlo bethu. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-antivirus kanye nesofthiwe ye-antimalware, esisiza ukuthi sivikele ulwazi lwethu futhi sigcine okokusebenza kwethu kuphephile.

Isofthiwe ye-antivirus iyithuluzi eliyinhloko lokuthola nokukhipha amagciwane nezinye izinsongo ezingangena ohlelweni lwethu ngamafayela alandiwe, ama-imeyili noma amakhasi ewebhu anonya. Lolu hlobo lwesofthiwe lunesibopho sokuhlola amafayela ethu nokuskenela amaphethini amakhodi anonya, luvimbe noma yimuphi umzamo wokutheleleka.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isofthiwe elwa ne-malware igxile ekutholeni nasekususeni izinhlobo ezahlukene zohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, njenge-spyware, i-adware, i-ransomware, ne-Trojans. Lezi zinsongo zingathinta ukusebenza kwethu, zebe ulwazi lomuntu siqu noma zintshontshe amafayela ethu. Isofthiwe elwa ne-malware isebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene ukuhlonza nokukhipha lezi zinhlelo ezingafuneki, ngaleyo ndlela iqinisekise ukuvikeleka kwesistimu yethu.

Ngamafuphi, ukusebenzisa i-antivirus kanye nesofthiwe ye-antimalware kubalulekile ukuze uvikele ikhompuyutha yethu futhi uvikele ubumfihlo bethu. Lawa mathuluzi asinika ukuthula kwengqondo ukuze siphequlule i-inthanethi futhi sisebenzise ikhompuyutha yethu ngaphandle kokukhathazeka, njengoba asisiza ukuthi sithole futhi siqede noma yikuphi usongo olungase lufake engozini ukuphepha kwethu. Ungabe usalinda, faka isofthiwe ethembekile yokulwa namagciwane kanye ne-antimalware futhi ugcine isistimu yakho ivikelekile ezingozini ze-inthanethi.

8. Ukugwema ukuwela ogibeni lobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kanye nohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha

Ukuze ugweme ukuwela ogibeni lobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kanye nohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, kubalulekile ukulandela izinyathelo ezithile zokuphepha nezokuphepha. Nawa amathiphu okuzivikela:

Gcina isofthiwe yakho isesikhathini: Qiniseka ukuthi ufake izibuyekezo zakamuva uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza, iziphequluli zewebhu nezinhlelo zokusebenza. Lezi zibuyekezo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa ukulungiswa kokuvikela okubalulekile okunganciphisa ubungozi.

Qaphela ama-imeyili asolisayo: Ungalokothi uchofoze izixhumanisi noma ulande okunamathiselwe kuma-imeyili angacelwanga noma kubathumeli abangaziwa. Lawa ma-imeyili angase abe nezixhumanisi eziyingozi noma amafayela angenwe uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha. Njalo qinisekisa ubuqiniso bomthumeli kanye nokuba semthethweni kwe-imeyili ngaphambi kokuthatha noma yisiphi isenzo.

Sebenzisa isofthiwe yokuphepha ethembekile: Faka futhi ugcine uhlelo oluthembekile lokuvikela amagciwane kanye nohlelo lokulwa ne-malware lusesikhathini samanje kudivayisi yakho. Lawa mathuluzi angathola futhi asuse ubugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kanye nezinsongo ze-malware ngaphambi kokuthi zidale umonakalo. Ukwengeza, yenza i-firewall yesistimu yakho yokusebenza inikeze esinye isendlalelo sokuvikela ekuhlaselweni okungafunwa.

9. Ukusetha i-firewall ukuvimba ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe

Ukuze ulungiselele i-firewall ngempumelelo futhi uvimbele ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe, kubalulekile ukulandela izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukwazi izinhlobo ezahlukene zomlilo ezitholakalayo, njenge-hardware kanye ne-software firewall. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukunquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lokufinyelela ofuna ukulivimba, kungaba ngamakheli e-IP, izimbobo ezithile, noma amaphethini omgwaqo.

Uma uhlobo olufanele lwe-firewall selukhethiwe, imithetho yokuvimbela idinga ukusethwa. Lokhu kuhilela ukuchaza izimo lapho ukufinyelela kuzovinjwa ngaphansi kwazo, njengokuvimbela konke ukuxhumana okungagunyaziwe kwangaphandle noma ukubeka imithetho eqondile esekelwe ezidingweni zesistimu. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqaphela okuhlukile, njengokuvumela ukufinyelela kubasebenzisi abathile noma amakheli e-IP athembekile.

Kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise amathuluzi akhethekile kanye nesofthiwe ukuze ulungiselele i-firewall ngokuphumelelayo. Amanye amathuluzi adumile afaka ama-iptables wezinhlelo ezisuselwa ku-Linux kanye neWindows Firewall ye izinhlelo zokusebenza IWindows. Lawa mathuluzi anikezela ngezinketho eziningi zokucushwa futhi avumela ubumbudumbudu obukhulu ekuchazeni imithetho yokuvimbela. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukuthi ngezikhathi ezithile ubuyekeze futhi ubuyekeze imithetho yokuvimbela ukuze uvumelane noshintsho ezinsongweni zokuphepha nezidingo zesistimu.

10. Ukuvikela inethiwekhi yakho ye-Wi-Fi ekuhlaselweni kwangaphandle

Ukuvikela inethiwekhi yakho ye-Wi-Fi ekuhlaselweni kwangaphandle kubalulekile ukuze uqinisekise ukuphepha nobumfihlo bamadivayisi akho nedatha. Kunezinyathelo ezimbalwa ongazithatha ukuze uqinise ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi yakho futhi ugcine abangeneleli abangaba khona bekude. Lapha sikubonisa ezinye izincomo:

1. Shintsha iphasiwedi yerutha: Isinyathelo sokuqala sokuvikela inethiwekhi yakho ye-Wi-Fi ukushintsha iphasiwedi emisiwe yomzila. Sebenzisa iphasiwedi ehlukile, eqinile ehlanganisa izinhlamvu ezinkulu nezincane, izinombolo, nezimpawu. Gwema ukusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo asobala noma ulwazi lomuntu siqu.

2. Nika amandla ukubethela: Qiniseka ukuthi unika amandla ukubethela kunethiwekhi yakho ye-Wi-Fi. Ukubethela kuvimbela idatha edluliswa phakathi kwamadivayisi akho kanye nerutha ukuthi ingabanjwa. Isebenzisa indinganiso ye-WPA2 noma i-WPA3, okuyizona ezivikeleke kakhulu namuhla.

3. Setha i-firewall: Ukusetha i-firewall kumzila wakho kubalulekile ukuze uvikele inethiwekhi yakho ekuhlaselweni kwangaphandle. I-firewall isebenza njengesithiyo sokuvikela, esivumela noma esivimba ithrafikhi engafunwa. Qiniseka ukuthi unika amandla i-firewall futhi uyilungiselela ngendlela efanele ukuze ihambisane nezidingo zakho zokuphepha.

11. Ukugcina idatha yakho inesipele futhi ivikelekile

Ukuvikeleka kwedatha yakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukugwema ukulahleka kolwazi olubalulekile. Nazi ezinye izincomo zokugcina idatha yakho inekhophi yasenqolobaneni futhi iphephile:

- Yenza izipele njalo: Kubalulekile ukwenza izipele ngezikhathi ezithile zedatha yakho. Ungasebenzisa amathuluzi afana nesofthiwe yokusekelayo noma amasevisi efwini ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi lonke ulwazi lwakho luvikelekile.

– Sebenzisa amaphasiwedi aqinile: Qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa amaphasiwedi aqinile futhi ahlukile kuwo wonke ama-akhawunti akho namasistimu. Gwema ukusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo aqagelekayo noma ukwabelana ngamaphasiwedi nabanye. Ukwengeza, cabanga ukusebenzisa ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezimbili ukuze uthole isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuphepha.

- Gcina amasistimu akho evuselelwe: Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izibuyekezo zesofthiwe kanye neziqephu zokuphepha kuwo wonke amadivayisi akho. Izibuyekezo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa kokuvikeleka okuvikela idatha yakho ezinsongweni ezaziwayo.

12. Amathuluzi engeziwe okuvikela ukugcina i-PC yakho ivikelekile

Kunamathuluzi amaningana engeziwe okuvikela ongawasebenzisa ukugcina i-PC yakho ivikelekile. Lawa mathuluzi ahambisana ne-antivirus yakho futhi asiza ukuvikela ikhompuyutha yakho ezinsongweni ze-cyber.

Elinye lamathuluzi okuvikela angeziwe anconyiwe i-firewall yomuntu siqu. I-firewall wuhlelo olulawula ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi engenayo nephumayo ku-PC yakho. Ungayilungiselela ukuthi uvimbe ukuxhumana okungagunyaziwe futhi uvikele ikhompuyutha yakho ekuhlaselweni kwangaphandle. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlale ugcina i-firewall yakho ivuselelwe ukuze uqinisekise ukuvikeleka okuphelele.

Elinye ithuluzi lokuvikela elengeziwe ongalicabangela wuhlelo olulwa ne-malware. Le softhiwe yakhelwe ngokukhethekile ukuthola nokususa uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompyutha, njengamagciwane, ama-trojan, i-ransomware, ne-spyware. Ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lokulwa ne-malware ngokuhlangana ne-antivirus yakho, ukhulisa ukuvikeleka kwe-PC yakho ezinsongweni eziku-inthanethi. Qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa ukuskena okujwayelekile ngohlelo lwakho lokulwa ne-malware ukuze uthole noma yikuphi ukutheleleka okungenzeka.

13. Ukubaluleka komqondo ophusile ekuvikeleni kubaduni

Ukusebenzisa ingqondo kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuzivikeleni kubaduni. Nakuba kunamathuluzi namasu okuphepha amaningi, ukubaluleka kokuba nomqondo ophusile akunakubukelwa phansi. Ngezansi kukhona izinyathelo ezibalulekile ezingasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuhlaselwa kwama-hacker.

1. Gcina amaphasiwedi akho ephephile: Ukusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo aqinile kubalulekile ukuze uzivikele kubaduni. Qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa amaphasiwedi amade, ayinkimbinkimbi ahlanganisa izinhlamvu ezinkulu nezincane, izinombolo, nezinhlamvu ezikhethekile. Futhi, gwema ukusebenzisa iphasiwedi efanayo kuma-akhawunti amaningi futhi uwashintshe njalo.

2. Qaphela ama-imeyili nezixhumanisi ezisolisayo: Izigebengu ze-inthanethi zivame ukusebenzisa ama-imeyili obugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi nezixhumanisi ezinonya ukuze bathole ukufinyelela kulwazi lomuntu siqu. Ngaphambi kokuchofoza noma yisiphi isixhumanisi noma ukuvula okunamathiselwe, hlola ngokucophelela umsuka we-imeyili futhi uqiniseke ukuthi isemthethweni. Ungadaluli ulwazi lomuntu siqu noma oluyimfihlo ngama-imeyili angathembekile.

3. Gcina amadivayisi akho evuselelwe: Ukugcina amadivayisi akho nesofthiwe kusesikhathini kubalulekile ukuze uvikele ezingozini ezingaba khona. Izigebengu ze-inthanethi zivame ukuxhaphaza izimbobo zokuphepha ezinguqulweni ezindala zesofthiwe. Qiniseka ukuthi ufaka izibuyekezo zokuvikeleka namapeshi ngokushesha uma esetholakala ukuze ugcine amadivayisi akho evikelekile.

14. Ukukugcina unolwazi futhi uzilungiselele izinsongo zesikhathi esizayo

Umhlaba wokuphepha kwekhompyutha uhlala ushintsha, futhi kubalulekile ukuthi uhlale unolwazi futhi uzilungiselele ukubhekana nezinsongo zesikhathi esizayo. Lapha sikunikeza izincomo ezithile ukuze uqinise ulwazi lwakho futhi uvikele amasistimu akho:

1. Funda amathrendi akamuva nezindlela zokuhlasela: Hlala unolwazi lwakamuva ngezindaba zakamuva kanye nentuthuko emhlabeni we-cybersecurity. Kunemithombo eminingi yolwazi, njengamabhulogi akhethekile, izingqungquthela, nemiphakathi eku-inthanethi, lapho ungathola khona okuqukethwe kwakamuva ngohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, amasu okugebenga, nezinye izihloko ezihlobene.

2. Thatha izifundo nezitifiketi: Ayikho indlela engcono yokuthola ulwazi oluqinile lwezobuchwepheshe ukwedlula izifundo zokuphepha zekhompyutha kanye nezitifiketi. Kunezinketho ezihlukahlukene ezitholakalayo, kokubili ku-inthanethi kanye nomuntu siqu, ukuze zivumelane namazinga ahlukene wesipiliyoni. Lezi zifundo zizokunikeza isisekelo esiqinile futhi zikufundise izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokubhekana nezinsongo zamanje nezesikhathi esizayo.

3. Bamba iqhaza kuzivivinyo zokugebenga ezilungile: Ukubamba iqhaza ekuzilolongeni kokugebenga kungakunikeza ulwazi olubalulekile ekuqondeni ukuthi izigebengu zicabanga kanjani nokuthi zingawavikela kanjani amasistimu akho. Lezi zivivinyo, ezaziwa nangokuthi ukuhlolwa kwepeni, zikuvumela ukuthi ubone ubungozi futhi uhlole ukuphepha kwamasistimu akho ngendlela elawulwayo nesemthethweni.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuhlala unolwazi lwakamuva futhi ulungiselele izinsongo ze-inthanethi kuwumzamo oqhubekayo. Unganeliseki ngalokho osukwazi kakade futhi uhlale ubheka amathuba okufunda nokuthuthukisa amakhono akho e-cybersecurity. Ngendlela esebenzayo, uzolungela kangcono ukuvikela amasistimu akho nedatha ekuhlaselweni okuzayo.

Sengiphetha, ukuvikela i-PC yakho kubaduni kuyisici esibalulekile enkathini yedijithali esiphila kuyo. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, kanjalo nezinsongo ze-cyber. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi sihlale sigcina amasistimu ethu okusebenza nezinhlelo zibuyekeziwe, kanye nokusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo aqinile nahlukile kuma-akhawunti ethu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, akufanele sikhohlwe ukubaluleka kokufaka i-antivirus enhle kanye ne-firewall ethembekile ukuqinisa ukuphepha kwekhompyutha yethu. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukuthi uqaphe lapho ulanda amafayela noma uchofoza izixhumanisi ezisolisayo, njengoba isenzo esilula sokunganaki singavumela ukufinyelela kumgebengu oyingozi.

Imfundo nokuqwashisa kuyisihluthulelo sokugwema ukuba yizisulu zabaduni. Ukwazi amasu ajwayelekile nezindlela ezisetshenziswa izigebengu zamakhompiyutha kusivumela ukuthi sihlale sinegxathu elilodwa phambili futhi sivikele imininingwane yethu eyimfihlo.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuvikela i-PC yakho kungumsebenzi owabiwe phakathi komsebenzisi nezinkampani ezibandakanyekayo ekudaleni isofthiwe nezinhlelo zokusebenza. Ngokubambisana, singaqinisekisa indawo yedijithali ephephile nevikeleke kakhulu.

Ngamafuphi, ngokusebenzisa lezi zincomo kanye nokwamukela imikhuba evikelekile ekusebenziseni kwethu ubuchwepheshe nsuku zonke, sizobe siqinisa ukuzivikela kwethu kubageli futhi silondoloze ubumfihlo bethu nokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi. Akufanele sikuthathe kancane ukubaluleka kwalolu daba futhi sihlale siqaphele izinsongo ze-inthanethi ezingase zibe khona. Ukuvikela i-PC yethu kuvikela ubunikazi bethu kanye nolwazi lomuntu siqu.