Difference between centralism and federalism

Last update: 23/05/2023
Author Sebastian Vidal

Centralism and Federalism

In politics, two terms often heard are centralism and federalism. While these terms refer to different forms of government, their meaning and application can often border on each other. In this article, we will explore in depth the key differences between centralism and federalism.

What is Centralism?

Centralism is a political system in which power and decision-making are controlled by a central government. Under this system, all important decisions affecting the state are made by centralized authorities, and then applied throughout the region or country. Centralism is often used in countries with large populations or geographic areas, where it is believed that a strong, unified government is necessary to maintain order and stability.

Characteristics of Centralism

  • Political unity without autonomy for regions or states.
  • All decisions and actions are taken by the central government.
  • There is no separation of powers.
  • There is usually a one-person and hierarchical government.
  • Regions or states do not have the capacity to make important decisions.
Exclusive content - Click Here  How political chatbots are learning to influence the vote

What is Federalism?

Federalism is a political system in which power and decision-making are shared between a central government and state or regional governments. This system recognizes that individual regions or states have different needs and demands and therefore need to have autonomy in decision-making. Federalism is often used in countries with a wide range of ethnicities, languages ​​and cultures, where it seeks to preserve diversity and unity simultaneously.

Characteristics of Federalism

  • Regional and state autonomy.
  • Power is shared between the central government and regional or state governments.
  • There is a separation of powers.
  • There is usually a collegial and democratic government.
  • Regions or states have the ability to make important decisions.

Key differences between Centralism and Federalism

  • In centralism, power and decision making are controlled by a central government, while in federalism, power and decision making are shared between the central government and regional or state governments.
  • Centralism is used in countries with large populations or geographic areas, while federalism is often used in countries with a wide range of ethnicities, languages ​​and cultures.
  • In centralism, there is no separation of powers, while in federalism, there is a separation of powers.
  • There is usually a single-person and hierarchical government in centralism, while in federalism, there is usually a collegial and democratic government.
  • In centralism, regions or states do not have the ability to make important decisions, while in federalism, regions or states have the ability to make important decisions.
Exclusive content - Click Here  Difference between racism, ethnocentrism and xenophobia

In short, centralism and federalism are two different forms of government. Centralism implies a centralized, hierarchical government that controls all important decisions. Federalism involves cooperation and power sharing between the central government and regional or state governments. The choice of one of these government systems depends on the needs, cultures and demands of a particular society.

Reference: https://www.diferencias.eu/diferencia-entre-centralismo-y-federalismo/